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Rezūm water vapor therapy for the treatment of patients with urinary retention and permanent catheter dependence secondary to benign prostate hyperplasia: a systematic review of the literature

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Abstract

Purpose

Recurrent urinary retention due to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), requiring permanent catheterization, represents one of the most challenging issues geriatric patients can face. Rezūm, as a minimal invasive treatment for BPH, takes the advantage of sterile water vapor injections directly into the prostate. The purpose of this Systematic Review is to report the safety and the efficacy of Rezūm regarding urinary retention relief and permanent catheter withdrawal.

Methods

PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane databases were meticulously screened using the keywords “Rezum”, “retention” and “permanent catheter”. Only human studies and articles in English were included. Rezūm should be the only intervention employed in patients. Patients of included studies should not have been submitted to any prior interventions, such as transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) for the relief of their symptoms. Patients’ baseline characteristics along with intraoperative and postoperative parameters were collected and analysed. Catheter relief was the primary outcome.

Results

Five studies fulfilled all the criteria and were included in the final qualitative synthesis. Four studies were retrospective and one was prospective. All studies were non-comparative. The success rate ranged from 70.3 to 100%, while no grade ≥ III Clavien–Dindo complications were reported in any of the studies.

Conclusion

Rezūm Water Vapor Therapy Treatment seems to be a feasible, safe and efficient minimally-invasive procedure for catheterized patients with urinary retention secondary to BPH, especially for frail ones with comorbidities who cannot undergo general anesthesia.

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Author notes

  1. Theodoros Spinos and Ioannis Katafigiotis contributed to the manuscript equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

    Theodoros Spinos

  2. Department of Laparoscopy and Endourology, Central Urology, Lefkos Stavros the Athens Clinic, Athens, Greece

    Ioannis Katafigiotis, Ioannis Leotsakos, Nikolaos Grivas, Christos Zabaftis, Dimitrios Ermidis, Stavros Sfoungaristos & Markos Karavitakis

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Contributions

TS: data collection and analysis, manuscript writing. IK: conceptualization, data collection and analysis, manuscript writing. IL, NG: data collection and analysis, manuscript editing and review. CZ, DE, SS: manuscript editing and review. MK: conceptualization, supervision.

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Correspondence to Theodoros Spinos.

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Ioannis Katafigiotis and Ioannis Leotsakos are Heads of Rezūm Department.

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Spinos, T., Katafigiotis, I., Leotsakos, I. et al. Rezūm water vapor therapy for the treatment of patients with urinary retention and permanent catheter dependence secondary to benign prostate hyperplasia: a systematic review of the literature. World J Urol 41, 413–420 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04258-y

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