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The association between prostatitis and risk of prostate cancer: a National Health Insurance Database study

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Abstract

Purpose

Inflammation is thought to affect the development of prostate cancer (PCa). By retrospectively investigating the database of the National Health Insurance Service, this study attempted to perform a relevant analysis of patients with prostatitis and PCa.

Methods

Participants were aged ≥ 50 years. Patients diagnosed with prostatitis between 2010 and 2013 and matched controls were followed up until 2019. We selected controls with matched propensity scores for age, diabetes, hypertension, and the Charlson comorbidity index. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to determine the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the association between prostatitis and PCa. The HR for PCa according to the presence of prostatitis was classified as acute, chronic, or other prostatitis.

Results

A total of 746,176 patients from each group were analyzed. The incidence of PCa was significantly higher in the group with prostatitis (1.8% vs 0.6%, p < 0.001). The HR for PCa was significantly higher in patients with prostatitis (HR 2.99; 95% CI 2.89–3.09, p < 0.001). The HR for PCa was significantly higher in acute prostatitis than in chronic prostatitis (3.82; 95% CI 3.58–4.08; p < 0.001; HR 2.77; 95% CI 2.67–2.87, p < 0.001). The incidence of all-cause death in patients diagnosed PCa was significantly lower in prostatitis group (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.53–0.63, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Prostatitis is associated with an increased incidence of PCa. Acute prostatitis is associated with higher risk of PCa than chronic prostatitis. Clinicians should inform patients with prostatitis that they may have an increased risk of diagnosing PCa, and follow-up is needed.

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Funding

This study was supported by Grant No.14-2022-0050 from the SNUBH Research Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82, Gumi-Ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea

    Gyoohwan Jung, Jung Kwon Kim & Sung Kyu Hong

  2. Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

    Sung Kyu Hong

  3. Data Science Team, Hanmi Pharm. Co., Ltd, Seoul, South Korea

    Hasung Kim & Jungkuk Lee

Authors
  1. Gyoohwan Jung
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  2. Jung Kwon Kim
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  3. Hasung Kim
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  4. Jungkuk Lee
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  5. Sung Kyu Hong
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Contributions

GJ: data collection, data analysis, manuscript writing. JKK: project development, manuscript editing. HK: data management, data analysis. JL: data management, data analysis. SKH: project development, manuscript editing. All the authors approved and contributed to the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sung Kyu Hong.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Approval of the research protocol by an Institutional Reviewer Board

This study was approved by the local institutional review board (IRB number: X-2205-759-902).

Informed consent to participate

Requirement for informed consent was waived by the committee for anonymized data analysis.

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All the authors showed consent for publication of this study.

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Jung, G., Kim, J.K., Kim, H. et al. The association between prostatitis and risk of prostate cancer: a National Health Insurance Database study. World J Urol 40, 2781–2787 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04165-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04165-2

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