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Malignant invasion of the central nervous system: the hidden face of a poorly understood outcome of prostate cancer

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Abstract

Malignancies of the central nervous system include primary brain tumors and brain metastases, the latter being the major cause of intracranial neoplasms in adults. Although prostate cancer (PCa) brain metastases are not the most common source, recent data show that the relevance of prostate cancer brain metastases (PCBM) cannot be neglected. In this review, we focus on the molecular repertory as well as on the phenotypical similarities between PCBM and primary PCa, such as the cellular evolution and the maintenance of androgen-receptor expression. Moreover, the simultaneous occurrence of PCBM with other PCa metastatic sites and the significance of the clinical heterogeneity of the disease are also discussed. In addition, a potential relationship between the heterogeneous behavior exhibited by PCBM and the co-occurrence of malignant cell clusters with distinct genetic profiles is also hypothesized, as well as the prominent role of astrocytes in the establishment of PCBM.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the following agencies: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa Carlos Chagas Filho (FAPERJ), and Programa de Oncobiologia da Fundação do Cancer Ary Frauzino.

Funding

The financial Grants provided by the following agencies: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa Carlos Chagas Filho (FAPERJ), and Programa de Oncobiologia da Fundação do Cancer Ary Frauzino supported the scientific activities from the following researchers: Eliane Gouvêa de Oliveira Barros and Antonio Palumbo júnior.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária-Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-902, Brazil

    Eliane Gouvêa de Oliveira Barros, Celia Yelimar Palmero, Luiz Eurico Nasciutti & Antonio Palumbo Jr.

  2. Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Centro de Pesquisas (CPQ), Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rua André Cavalcanti, 37-Centro, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20231-050, Brazil

    Nathalia Meireles Da Costa, Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto & Antonio Palumbo Jr.

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  1. Eliane Gouvêa de Oliveira Barros
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  2. Nathalia Meireles Da Costa
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  3. Celia Yelimar Palmero
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  4. Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
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  5. Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
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  6. Antonio Palumbo Jr.
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Correspondence to Eliane Gouvêa de Oliveira Barros or Antonio Palumbo Jr..

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de Oliveira Barros, E.G., Meireles Da Costa, N., Palmero, C.Y. et al. Malignant invasion of the central nervous system: the hidden face of a poorly understood outcome of prostate cancer. World J Urol 36, 2009–2019 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-018-2392-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-018-2392-6

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