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ALTERED MERISTEM PROGRAM 1 Plays a Role in Seed Coat Development, Root Growth, and Post-Embryonic Epidermal Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis

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Abstract

Plant development relies on the capacity of cells to interpret positional information and translate it into proliferation, elongation, and differentiation programs. ALTERED MERISTEM PROGRAM 1 (AMP1) encodes a putative glutamate carboxypeptidase involved in embryo development, plant growth, and phytohormone homeostasis. Here, we show that mutations of AMP1 cause defective seed coat formation, which correlates with increased frequency of embryo abortion, low seed production, and retarded germination. Seed alterations in amp1 mutants were related to decreased production of trichomes on leaves and increased ratio of short or bifurcated root hairs in primary roots and primary root growth inhibition. Expression analyses of hormone-related gene constructs TCS::GFP, DR5:uidA, and pABI4:uidA indicated that slow root growth is likely independent of cytokinin and auxin signaling and involves changes in abscisic acid responsiveness. Our data show that AMP1 is necessary for normal seed coat and embryo establishment during seed development and plays an important role in post-embryonic root growth and epidermal cell elongation.

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Acknowledgments

We are thankful to the Arabidopsis stock center for kindly providing us with Arabidopsis mutant seeds and Jose Antonio Rodríguez-Torres and Víctor López-Morelos for permission and advice for the use of electronic microscope, and León F. Ruiz-Herrera for support in confocal imaging. Drs. Shuhua Yang, Tom Guilfoyle, Bruno Müller, and Patricia León are thanked for providing us Arabidopsis mutant and transgenic lines. This work was supported by grants from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT, México, Grant no. 177775), the Consejo de la Investigación Científica (UMSNH, México, Grant No. CIC 2.26), and the UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT (Grant IN207014 to AAGG and JSLB).

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  1. Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria, C. P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México

    Claudia Marina López-García, Javier Raya-González & José López-Bucio

  2. Instituto de Biotecnología-UNAM, Av. Universidad No. 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México

    Jesús Salvador López-Bucio & Ángel Arturo Guevara-García

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  1. Claudia Marina López-García
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Correspondence to José López-Bucio.

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López-García, C.M., Raya-González, J., López-Bucio, J.S. et al. ALTERED MERISTEM PROGRAM 1 Plays a Role in Seed Coat Development, Root Growth, and Post-Embryonic Epidermal Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis . J Plant Growth Regul 35, 1141–1158 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-016-9612-3

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