Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Regenerative Capacity of Cacti Schlumbergera and Rhipsalidopsis in Relation to Endogenous Phytohormones, Cytokinin Oxidase/Dehydrogenase, and Peroxidase Activities

  • Published:
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The recalcitrant nature and increased regenerative capacity in relation to in vitro subcultures in two cactus genera Rhipsalidopsis (Easter cactus) and Schlumbergera (Christmas cactus) were studied by examining the endogenous concentrations of several endogenous phytohormones and enzyme activities. Leaf tissue from greenhouse-grown mother plants, in vitro subcultures 1 and 3, and callus tissues were analyzed and correlated with regenerative ability. The cytokinins present in the two cacti genera were mainly isopentenyl-type derivatives. The total content of isopentenyl-type cytokinins in greenhouse-grown leaves of Rhipsalidopsis was more than twice the amount found in greenhouse-grown leaves of Schlumbergera. The total cytokinin content decreased during subculturing. Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX, EC 1.4.3.18/1.5.99.12) activity increased during subculturing. In Schlumbergera there is no effect of subculturing on CKX and related cytokinin homeostasis. The total peroxidase (POX, EC 1.11.1.7) activity in greenhouse-grown leaves of both genera was low, and the activity increased significantly during subculturing, more specifically in the tissue of Rhipsalidopsis. The results clearly indicated that an enhanced auxin metabolism (biosynthesis, conjugation/deconjugation, and POX activity), in combination with an enhanced CKX activity, shifts the auxin and cytokinin pool, favoring adventitious shoot formation in Rhipsalidopsis, whereas the low level of POX activity, together with auxin autotrophy/conjugation, makes Schlumbergera more recalcitrant.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arora A, Sairam RK, Srivastava GC. 2002. Oxidative stress and antioxidative system in plants. Current-Science 82:1227–1238

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Auer CA, Motyka V, Brezinova A, Kaminek M. 1999. Endogenous cytokinins accumulation and cytokinins oxidase activity during shoot organogenesis of Petunia hybrida. Physiol Plant 141:141–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartel B. 1997. Auxin biosynthesis. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 48:51–66

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Batista D, Sousa MJ, Pais MS. 1996. Plant regeneration from stem and petiole-derived callus of Humulus lupulus (hop) clone Braganca and var. Brewers Gold. In vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 32:37–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson EE. 2000. Special symposium: in vitro plant recalcitrance: an introduction. In vitro Cell Dev Biol-Plant 36:141–148

    Google Scholar 

  • Bialek K, Cohen JD. 1989. Quantitation of indole-3-acetic acid conjugates in bean seeds by direct tissue hydrolysis. Plant Physiol 90:398–400

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blagoeva E, Dobrev PI, Malbeck J, Motyka V, Strnad M, et al. 2004. Cytokinin N-glucosylation inhibitors suppress deactivation of exogenous cytokinins in radish, but their effect on active endogenous cytokinins is counteracted by other regulatory mechanisms. Physiol Plant 121:215–222

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boiten H, Azmi A, Dillen W, Schepper SD, Deberg P, et al. 2004. The Rg-1 encoded regeneration capacity of tomato is not related to an altered cytokinin homeostasis. New Phytol 161:761–771

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boerjan W, Cervera MT, Delarue M, Beeckman T, Dewitte W, et al. 1995. Superroot, a recessive mutation in Arabidopsis, conferes auxin overproduction. Plant Cell 7:1405–1419

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bradford MM. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chauvaux N, Van Dongen W, Esmans EL, Van Onckelen HA. 1993. Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid in tobacco. J Chromatogr A 657:337–343

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gurriaran MJ, Revilla MA, Tames RS. 1999. Adventtious shoot regeneration in cultures of Humulus lupinus L. (hop) cvs. Brewers Gold and Nugget. Plant Cell Rep 18:1007–1011

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hart M, Tyson H, Bloomberg R. 1971. Measurement of activity of peroxidase isoenzymes in flax (Linum usitatissimum). Can J Bot 49:2129–2137

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hutchinson MJ, Murr D, Krishnaraj S, Senaratna T, Saxena PK. 1997. Does ethylene play a role in thidiazuron-regulated somaticembryogenesis of geranium (Pelargonium × ortorum Bailey) hypocotyl cultures? In vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 33:136–141

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kapchina-Toteva V, Yakimova E. 1997. Effect of purine and phenylurea cytokinins on peroxidase activity in relation to apical dominance of in vitro cultivated Rosa hybrida L. Bull J Plant Physiol 23:40–48

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kato M, Hayakawa Y, Hyodo H, Ikoma Y, Yano M. 2000. Wound-induced ethylene synthesis and expression and formation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase, ACC oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and peroxidase in wounded mesocarp tussue of Cucurbita maxima. Plant Cell Physiol 41:440–447

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krikorian AD. 1995. Hormones in tissue culture and micropropagation. In: Davies PJ (ed), Plant Hormones: Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 774–796. ISBN 0-7923-2984-8

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar PP, Lakshmanan P, Thorp TA. 1998. Regulation of morphogenesis in plant tissue culture by ethylene. In vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 34:93–103

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu ZH, Wang WC, Yan SY. 1997. Effects of hormone treatment on callus formation and endogenous indole-acetic acid and polyamine contents of spybena hypocotyl cultivated in vitro. Bot Bull Acad Sin 38:171–176

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ludwig-Muller J. 2003. Peroxidase isoenzymes as markers for rooting ability of easy-to-root and difficult-to-root Grevillea species and cultivars of Protea obstusifolia (Proteaceae). In vitro Cell Dev Biol-Plant 39:377–383

    Google Scholar 

  • Meins F Jr, Binns NA. 1979. Cell determination in plant development. BioScience 29:221–225

    Google Scholar 

  • Mercier H, Souza BM, Kraus JE, Hamasaki M, Scotta B. 2003. Endogenous auxin and cytokinins contents associated with shoot formation in leaves of pineapple cultured in vitro. Braz J Plant Physiol 15:107–112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Motyka V, Faiss M, Strnad M, Kamínek M, Schmülling T. 1996. Changes in cytokinin content and cytokinin oxidase activity in response to derepression of ipt gene transcription in transgenic tobacco calli and plants. Plant Physiol 112:1035–1043

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Motyka V, Vaňková R, Čapková V, Petrášek J, Kamínek M, et al. 2003. Cytokinin-induced upregulation of cytokinin oxidase activity in tobacco includes changes in enzyme glycosylation and secretion. Physiol Plant 117:11–21

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murashige T, Skoog F. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and boiassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15:473–497

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Netting AG, Milborrow BV. 1988. Methane chemical ionization mass-spectrometry of the pentafluorobenzyl derivatives of abscisic-acid, its metabolites and other plant-growth regulators. Biomed Environ Mass Spectrom 17:281–286

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Papadakis AK, Roubelakis-Angelakis KA. 1999. The generation of active oxygen species differs in tobacco and grapevine mesophyll protoplasts. Plant Physiol 121:197–206

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Papadakis AK, Siminis CI, Roubelakis-Angelakis KA. 2001 Reduced activity of antioxidant machinery is correlated with suppression of totipotency in plant protoplasts. Plant Physiol 126:434–444

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Papadakis AK, Roubelakis-Angelakis KA. 2002. Oxidative stress could be responsible for the recalcitrance of plant protoplasts. Plant Physiol Biochem 40:549–559

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prinsen E, Van Dongen W, Esmans E, Van Onckelen H. 1998. Micro and capillary LC-MS/MS: a new dimension in phytohormone research. J Chroma A 826:25–37

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prinsen E, Van Laer S, Öden S, Van Onckelen H. 2000. Quantifying phytohormones in transformed plants. In: Tucker GA, editor, Auxin Analysis—Plant Hormone Protocols. Humana Press, Totowa, N.J., USA. pp 49–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Redig P, Schmülling T, Van Onckelen H. 1996. Analysis of cytokinin metabolism in ipt transgenic tobacco by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Plant Physiol 112:141–148

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Skoog F, Miller CO. 1957. Chemical regulation of growth and organ formation in plant tissues cultured in vitro. Sym Soc Exp Biol 11:118–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Smets R, Claes V, Van Onckelen HA, Prinsen E. 2003, Extraction and quantitative analysis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid in plant tissue by gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 993:79–87

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Staba JE. 1969. Plant tissue culture as a technique for the phytochemist. Recent Adv Phytochem 2:80

    Google Scholar 

  • Sriskandarajah S, Mullins MG, Nair Y. 1982. Induction of adventitious rooting in vitro in difficult-to-propagate cultivars of apple. Plant Sci Lett 24:1–9

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sriskandarajah S, Serek M. 2004. Regeneration from phylloclade explants and callus cultures of Schlumbergera and Rhipsalidopsis. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 78:75–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Winer L, Goren R, Riov J. 2000. Stimulation of the oxidative decarboxylation of indole-3-acetic acid in citrus tissues by ethylene, Plant Growth Regul 32:231–237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

A part of the project performed by S.S. and M.S. was funded by the Danish Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (93s-2466-Å01-01430) and by the Danish Schlumbergera Growers and Breeders Gartneriet Thoruplund A/S (Odense), Rohdes Gartneri A/S (Kerteminde), Gartneriet PKM ApS (Odense), and Hansson DK (Søndersø). The work of P.I.D. and V.M. was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (grant 206/03/0313) and that done by E.P. was supported by the Scientific Research Network of the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (Belgium) (WO.038.04N). The authors thank Prof. Emeritus Errol W. Hewett (Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand) for linguistic editing of the manuscript. They also thank Sevgi Öden and Marie Korecká for their skillful technical assistance.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Sciences, Crop Science, Floriculture, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

    Sridevy Sriskandarajah & Margrethe Serek

  2. Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerpen, Belgium

    Els Prinsen

  3. Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 135, CZ-16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic

    Václav Motyka & Petre Ivanov Dobrev

  4. Ornamental and Woody Plant Science, Department of Natural Sciences, University of Hanover, Herrenhaeuser Str. 2, 30-419, Hanover, Germany

    Margrethe Serek

Authors
  1. Sridevy Sriskandarajah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Els Prinsen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Václav Motyka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Petre Ivanov Dobrev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Margrethe Serek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sridevy Sriskandarajah.

Additional information

S. S. and E. P. contributed equally to this work

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sriskandarajah, S., Prinsen, E., Motyka, V. et al. Regenerative Capacity of Cacti Schlumbergera and Rhipsalidopsis in Relation to Endogenous Phytohormones, Cytokinin Oxidase/Dehydrogenase, and Peroxidase Activities. J Plant Growth Regul 25, 79–88 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-005-0058-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-005-0058-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation