Archaeal diversity in the seawater of Changjiang River estuary reveals its adaptability to bottom seawaters

Huang, Yan; Qu, Wu; Fan, Yingping; Wang, Jianxin

doi:10.1007/s00343-021-1035-8

Archaeal diversity in the seawater of Changjiang River estuary reveals its adaptability to bottom seawaters

Ecology
Published: 25 March 2022

Volume 40, pages 1051–1069, (2022)
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Yan Huang¹,
Wu Qu¹,
Yingping Fan¹ &
…
Jianxin Wang¹

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Abstract

Archaea regulate the biogeochemical processes of ocean systems. The Changjiang (Yangtze) River estuary (CRE) is a complex and dynamic area strongly affected by seawaters and ocean currents. In this study, the planktonic archaeal communities in the surface and bottom seawaters of the CRE were investigated. Significant differences in the archaeal community composition were found between the surface and bottom seawaters (P<0.001). Marine Group II (MG-II) was dominant in the surface layers, and Nitrosopumilales was enriched in the bottom layers. Marine Group III (MG-III) was more abundant in the bottom layers than in the surface ones (P<0.001). These results were completely different from previous findings in the CRE seawater. Instead of dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature and salinity were the most vital environmental variations in the distribution of the archaeal communities. According to the predicted metabolic pathways, the following functional subcategories were enriched in the hypoxic condition: replication and repair, membrane transport, glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, amino acid metabolism, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, and xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism (P<0.001), which indicated the strong adaptability of archaea to the harsh environment in the bottom seawater. These findings expand the understanding on archaeal structure and functions in the surface and bottom seawaters, including the hypoxic zones in the CRE, and may contribute to further works of the archaeal community in the CRE.

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8 Acknowledgment

We are grateful to all the staff who assisted in the field sampling.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marine Microorganism Ecological & Application Lab., Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
Yan Huang, Wu Qu, Yingping Fan & Jianxin Wang

Authors

Yan Huang
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Wu Qu
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Yingping Fan
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Jianxin Wang
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Contributions

Yan HUANG processed the experimental data, performed the analysis, and wrote the manuscript. Wu QU analyzed the data. Yingping FAN carried out the part of experiments. Jianxin WANG supervised the project from experimental design to submission of the manuscript. All authors agreed and approved the manuscript to be published.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jianxin Wang.

Additional information

Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2019YFD0901305), the Science and Technology Program of Zhoushan (No. 2019C21011), the Research Project of Ecological Environment Protection and Restoration of Yangtze River in Zhoushan (No. SZGXZS2020068), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31270160, J1310037), the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (No. LY12C03003), the Zhejiang Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project (No. 2016C33084), and the Province Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang (No. 2021C02047)

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