Abstract
Microbial diversity in the abyssal sediments beneath the seafloor of 30, 94, and 151 cm near the southern end of the Mariana Trench was analyzed in the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. Results show that the microbial populations were dominated by bacteria but merely no archaea were identified at the three depths. In the bacterial community, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes dominated the total taxon tags, followed by Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, Cyanobacteria, and Chloroflexi, which together account for over 99% of the total population. Similar to that in the seawater in the trench, the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to Gammaproteobacteria from the sediment samples showed high abundance. However, common bacterial OTUs in the water of the trench including Nitrospirae and Marinimicrobia were hardly found in the sediments from the southern Mariana Trench or the hadal region. Therefore, this study documented for the first time the compositions of microbial diversity in the trench sediments, revealed the difference in microbial diversity in water and sediment of the trench and will enrich the knowledge on the microbial diversity in the abyssal areas.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles and news from researchers in related subjects, suggested using machine learning.References
DeSantis T Z, Hugenholtz P, Larsen N, Rojas M, Brodie E L, Keller K, Huber T, Dalevi D, Hu P, Andersen G L. 2006. Greengenes, a chimera-checked 16S rRNA gene database and workbench compatible with ARB. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 72(7): 5 069–5 072.
Edgar R C. 2013. UPARSE: highly accurate OTU sequences from microbial amplicon reads. Nature Methods, 10(10): 996–998.
Glud R N, Wenzhöfer F, Middelboe M, Oguri K, Turnewitsch R, Canfield D E, Kitazato H. 2013. High rates of microbial carbon turnover in sediments in the deepest oceanic trench on Earth. Nature Geoscience, 6(4): 284–288.
Kato C, Li L, Nogi Y, Nakamura Y, Tamaoka J, Horikoshi K. 1998. Extremely barophilic bacteria isolated from the Mariana Trench, Challenger Deep, at a depth of 11,000 meters. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64(4): 1 510–1 513.
León-Zayas R, Peoples L, Biddle J F, Podell S, Novotny M, Cameron J, Lasken R S, Bartlett D H. 2017. The metabolic potential of the single cell genomes obtained from the Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench within the candidate superphylum Parcubacteria (OD1). Environmental Microbiology, 19(7): 2 769–2 784.
Luo M, Gieskes J, Chen L Y, Shi X F, Chen D F. 2017. Provenances, distribution, and accumulation of organic matter in the southern Mariana Trench rim and slope: Implication for carbon cycle and burial in hadal trenches. Marine Geology, 386: 98–106.
Nakanishi M, Hashimoto J. 2011. A precise bathymetric map of the world’s deepest seafloor, Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. Marine Geophysical Research, 32(4): 455–463.
Nogi Y, Kato C. 1999. Taxonomic studies of extremely barophilic bacteria isolated from the Mariana Trench and description of Moritella yayanosii sp. nov., a new barophilic bacterial isolate. Extremophiles, 3(1): 71–77.
Nunoura T, Takaki Y, Hirai M, Shimamura S, Makabe A, Koide O, Kikuchi T, Miyazaki J, Koba K, Yoshida N, Sunamura M, Takai K. 2015. Hadal biosphere: insight into the microbial ecosystem in the deepest ocean on Earth. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(11): E1230–E1236.
Pathom-aree W, Stach J E M, Ward A C, Horikoshi K, Bull A T, Goodfellow M. 2006. Diversity of actinomycetes isolated from Challenger Deep sediment (10,898 m) from the Mariana Trench. Extremophiles, 10(3): 181–189.
Schloss P D, Westcott S L, Ryabin T, Hall J R, Hartmann M, Hollister E B, Lesniewski R A, Oakley B B, Parks D H, Robinson C J, Sahl J W, Stres B, Thallinger G G, van Horn D J, Weber C F. 2009. Introducing mothur: open-source, platform-independent, community-supported software for describing and comparing microbial communities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 75(23): 7 537–7 541.
Seiter K, Hensen C, Schröter E, Zabel M. 2004. Organic carbon content in surface sediments — defining regional provinces. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 51(12): 2 001–2 026.
Takami H, Inoue A, Fuji F, Horikoshi K. 1997. Microbial flora in the deepest sea mud of the Mariana Trench. FEMS MicrobiologyLetters, 152(2): 279–285.
Tarn J, Peoples L M, Hardy K, Cameron J, Bartlett D H. 2016. Identification of free-living and particle-associated microbial communities present in hadal regions of the Mariana Trench. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7: 665, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00665.
Wang Q, Garrity G M, Tiedje J M, Cole J R. 2007. Naive Bayesian classifier for rapid assignment of rRNA sequences into the new bacterial taxonomy. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 73(16): 5 261–5 267.
Yoshida M, Takaki Y, Eitoku M, Nunoura T, Takai K. 2013. Metagenomic analysis of viral communities in (hado) pelagic sediments. PLoS One, 8(2): e57271, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0057271.
Acknowledgment
We thank Prof. TIAN Jiwei and Prof. LIU Yanguang for providing the sediment samples.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The first author LI Yingjie was supported by the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (No. 41706165) and the National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral Scientists of China (No. 2016M602200). The sediment sample collection was supported by the National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction and the Fourth Polar Observation Program (i.e. Deep Sea Exploration Program, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science & Technology). The corresponding author MA Qingjun was supported by grants from the “1000 Talents Program” of China, the “100 Talents Program” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the “AoShan Talents Program” of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (No. 2015ASTP)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, Y., Cao, W., Wang, Y. et al. Microbial diversity in the sediments of the southern Mariana Trench. J. Ocean. Limnol. 37, 1024–1029 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-019-8131-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-019-8131-z