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Observed near-inertial waves in the wake of Typhoon Hagupit in the northern South China Sea

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Abstract

Energetic near-inertial internal waves (NIWs) were observed on the continental slope of the northern South China Sea in September 2008. Characteristics of the observed near-inertial waves were examined based on current data recorded by a moored acoustic Doppler current profiler. Results of a simple slab model indicated that the NIWs were generated by the surface winds of Typhoon Hagupit. Following Hagupit’s passage, the wave field was dominated by baroclinic NIWs. The near-inertial currents were surface-intensified with a maximum of 0.52 m/s but still reached 0.1 m/s at the depth of 210 m. Moreover, the near-inertial currents were clockwise-polarized and slightly elliptical. A depth-leading phase of the near-inertial currents was evident, which indicated downward energy propagation. However, the rotary vertical wavenumber spectra suggested that upward energy propagation also existed, which was consistent previous theoretical study. The frequency of the NIWs, modified by the positive background vorticity, was 0.714 2 cycles per day, which was 0.02 f 0 higher than the local inertial frequency (f 0). The near-inertial kinetic energy evolved exponentially and had an e-folding timescale of about 3 days. The vertical phase and group velocity were estimated to be 10 and 2.1 m/h, respectively, corresponding to a vertical wavelength of 340 m. The NIWs were dominated by the second mode with a variance contribution of >50%, followed by the third mode, while the first mode was insignificant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Bing Yang  (杨兵), Yijun Hou  (侯一筠) & Po Hu  (胡珀)

  2. Key Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Ocean Circulation and Waves, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Bing Yang  (杨兵), Yijun Hou  (侯一筠) & Po Hu  (胡珀)

  3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Bing Yang  (杨兵)

Authors
  1. Bing Yang  (杨兵)
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  2. Yijun Hou  (侯一筠)
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  3. Po Hu  (胡珀)
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yijun Hou  (侯一筠).

Additional information

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1133001, 41030855, and 41376027), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (No. 2013AA09A502), and the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers (No. U1406401)

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Yang, B., Hou, Y. & Hu, P. Observed near-inertial waves in the wake of Typhoon Hagupit in the northern South China Sea. Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 33, 1265–1278 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-015-4254-z

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