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Dinophysis caudata generated lipophilic shellfish toxins in bivalves from the Nanji Islands, East China Sea

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Abstract

A 12-month program of monitoring potentially toxic microalgae (that produce lipophilic shellfish toxins; LSTs) and their toxins in bivalves was conducted from April 2006 to March 2007 in the Nanji Islands, East China Sea. Two Dinophysis species, D. caudata and D. acuminata, were identified, and D. caudata was found to be the dominant species. D. caudata was detected in water samples between April and June 2006, and between February and March 2007. It reached its highest abundances in May, with a mean abundance of 1.38×102 cells/L in surface water and 1.25×102 cells/L in bottom water (<10 m deep). The temporal distribution of D. caudata was associated with the occurrence of LSTs in bivalve samples, which mostly occurred at the same time as D. caudata blooms, between April and July 2006. All of the cultured bivalves sampled between April and June were contaminated with LSTs, with an average toxicity of 85 μg okadaic acid (OA) eq./100 g meat, which was four times higher than the Chinese regulatory limit (20 μg OA eq./100 g meat). Ten out of fifteen wild samples (66.7%) collected during the same period were positive for LSTs, and contained an average LST toxicity of 45 μg OA eq./100 g meat (more than twice the regulatory value). Cultured Patinopecten yessoensis collected on 15 May 2006 had the highest toxicity, 320 μg OA eq./100 g meat, and relatively high toxicities (80 to 160 μg OA eq./100 g meat) were found in bivalves until the end of July.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China

    Tao Jiang  (江涛), Yuzao Qi  (齐雨藻), Tianjiu Jiang  (江天久), Feng Wu  (吴锋) & Fan Zhang  (张帆)

  2. School of Geographical and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China

    Yixiao Xu  (徐轶肖)

  3. College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510630, China

    Yang Li  (李扬)

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  1. Tao Jiang  (江涛)
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Correspondence to Tianjiu Jiang  (江天久).

Additional information

Supported by the National Marine Public Welfare Research Project of China (No. 201305010), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41106090), the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. LMB111003), the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Universities (No. 21612401), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. S2011040003113), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2013CB956503), the Special Project for Science and Technology of Environmental Protection of Zhejiang Province (No. 2011A31), and the Wenzhou Science and Technology Plan Program (No. S2006A007) JIANG Tao and XU Yixiao are sorted in no particular order and contributed equally to this work.

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Jiang, T., Xu, Y., Li, Y. et al. Dinophysis caudata generated lipophilic shellfish toxins in bivalves from the Nanji Islands, East China Sea. Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 32, 130–139 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-014-2290-8

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