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Optimization of the microwave-assisted extraction of phlorotannins from Saccharina japonica Aresch and evaluation of the inhibitory effects of phlorotannin-containing extracts on HepG2 cancer cells

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Abstract

The use of a microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method for the extraction of phlorotannins from Saccharina japonica Aresch (S. japonica) has been evaluated with particular emphasis on the influential parameters, including the ethanol concentration, solid/liquid ratio, extraction time, extraction temperature, and microwave power. The MAE procedure was optimized using single-factor design and orthogonal array design (OAD). The content of total phlorotannins in S. japonica was determined using a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) assay. A maximum total phlorotannin content of 0.644 mg of phloroglucinol equivalent per gram of dry weight plant (mg PGE/g DW) was obtained using the optimized model, which included an ethanol concentration of 55%, solid/liquid ratio of 1:8, extraction time of 25 min, irradiation power of 400 W, and temperature of 60°C. Under similar conditions, the application of a conventional extraction method led to a lower phlorotannin yield of 0.585 mg PGE/g WD. These results demonstrated that the MAE approach provided better results for the extraction of phlorotannins from S. japonica and was a promising technique for the extraction of phenolic compounds from S. japonica and other materials. In addition, screening tests for the inhibitory activity showed that the phlorotannin-containing extracts significantly inhibited the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) by inducing their apoptosis. The morphological changes that occurred during cell apoptosis were characterized using Hoechst33258 staining.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Zhizhou He  (何芝洲), Haohuai Liu  (刘浩怀), Guanfu Yuan  (袁观富) & Yaming Fan  (樊亚鸣)

  2. School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Yongshun Chen  (陈永顺) & Kun Chen  (陈鲲)

  3. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Yongheng Chen  (陈永亨)

Authors
  1. Zhizhou He  (何芝洲)
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  2. Yongshun Chen  (陈永顺)
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  3. Yongheng Chen  (陈永亨)
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  4. Haohuai Liu  (刘浩怀)
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  5. Guanfu Yuan  (袁观富)
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  6. Yaming Fan  (樊亚鸣)
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  7. Kun Chen  (陈鲲)
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yaming Fan  (樊亚鸣) or Kun Chen  (陈鲲).

Additional information

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51203028), Rural Science and Technology Correspondent and Technology Service System Construction Projects, Guangdong Province (No. 2010A020507001-91), and Science and Technology Project of Panyu District, Guangzhou City (No. 2010-12-08)

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He, Z., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. et al. Optimization of the microwave-assisted extraction of phlorotannins from Saccharina japonica Aresch and evaluation of the inhibitory effects of phlorotannin-containing extracts on HepG2 cancer cells. Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 31, 1045–1054 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-013-2321-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-013-2321-x

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