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Temperature and H2O sensing in laminar premixed flames using mid-infrared heterodyne phase-sensitive dispersion spectroscopy

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Abstract

We report the first demonstration of heterodyne phase-sensitive dispersion spectroscopy (HPSDS) for the simultaneous temperature and H2O concentration measurements in combustion environments. Two continuous-wave distributed-feedback quantum cascade lasers (DFB-QCLs) at 5.27 and 10.53 µm were used to exploit the strong H2O transitions (1897.52 and 949.53 cm−1) at high temperatures. The injection current of each QCL was modulated at sub-GHz or GHz to generate the three-tone radiation and the dispersion signal was detected by the radio-frequency down-conversion heterodyning. The peak-to-peak ratio of the two H2O dispersion spectra exhibits a monotonic relationship with temperature over the temperature range of 1000–3000 K, indicating the capability of performing two-line thermometry using laser dispersion spectroscopy. We measured the temperatures of CH4/air flames at different equivalence ratios (Φ = 0.8–1.2), yielding a good agreement with the corresponding thermocouple measurements. In addition, one-dimensional kinetic modeling coupled with a detailed chemical kinetic mechanism (GRI 3.0) was conducted to compare with the measured H2O concentrations using HPSDS. Finally, we demonstrated HPSDS is immune to optical power fluctuations by measuring the dispersion spectra at varied incident laser powers.

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Acknowledgements

This research is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (51776179) and Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (14234116). The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Supercomputing Center (Shenzhen) for providing CHEMKIN-Pro (15131) software and computational facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China

    Liuhao Ma, Zhen Wang, Kin-Pang Cheong, Hongbo Ning & Wei Ren

  2. Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China

    Kin-Pang Cheong, Hongbo Ning & Wei Ren

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  1. Liuhao Ma
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  2. Zhen Wang
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  3. Kin-Pang Cheong
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  4. Hongbo Ning
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  5. Wei Ren
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wei Ren.

Additional information

This article is part of the topical collection “Mid-infrared and THz Laser Sources and Applications” guest edited by Wei Ren, Paolo De Natale and Gerard Wysocki.

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Ma, L., Wang, Z., Cheong, KP. et al. Temperature and H2O sensing in laminar premixed flames using mid-infrared heterodyne phase-sensitive dispersion spectroscopy. Appl. Phys. B 124, 117 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-018-6990-1

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