Abstract
Low-loss single-mode optical waveguide fabrication process in extra-white soda-lime glass is demonstrated. Waveguiding structures are formed in bulk substrates employing femtosecond laser writing technology. The combination of a slit beam shaping method and a multiscan fabrication process enables writing of waveguides with a well-defined symmetric cross-sectional profile. Fabricated waveguides exhibit 0.86 dB/cm propagation loss for 800-nm wavelength. Bending loss in the waveguides is addressed experimentally and compared with a model for radiation loss.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C.R. Doerr, Front. Phys. 3, 1 (2015)
A.L. Washburn, R.C. Bailey, Anal. 136, 227 (2011)
J. O’Brien, B. Patton, M. Sasaki, J. Vuckovic, N. J. Phys. 15, 15 (2013)
G. Della Valle, R. Osellame, P. Laporta, J. Opt. A Pure Appl. Opt. 11, 013001 (2008)
L. Shah, A. Arai, S. Eaton, P. Herman, Opt. Express 13, 1999 (2005)
S.M. Eaton, W.-J. Chen, H. Zhang, P.R. Herman, in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference and Photonic Applications Systems Technologies, vol. 18, JTuD8 (2006)
J.W. Chan, T.R. Huser, S.H. Risbud, J.S. Hayden, D.M. Krol, Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2371 (2003)
O.M. Efimov et al., Opt. Mater. 17, 379 (2001)
C.B. Schaffer, J.F. García, E. Mazur, Appl. Phys. A Mater. Sci. Process. 76, 351 (2003)
S. Taccheo et al., Opt. Lett. 29, 2626 (2004)
N.D. Psaila et al., in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2007, CLEO 2007 , vol. 14 (2007), p. 1515
K. Minoshima, aM Kowalevicz, I. Hartl, E.P. Ippen, J.G. Fujimoto, Opt. Lett. 26, 1516 (2001)
A.M. Kowalevicz, V. Sharma, E.P. Ippen, J.G. Fujimoto, K. Minoshima, Opt. Lett. 30, 1060 (2005)
L. Tong, R.R. Gattass, I. Maxwell, J.B. Ashcom, E. Mazur, Opt. Commun. 259, 626 (2006)
H.E. Lazcano, G.V. Vázquez, Appl. Opt. 55, 3268 (2016)
R.R. Gattass, E. Mazur, Nat. Photonics 2, 219 (2008)
R. Osellame et al., J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20, 1559 (2003)
M. Ams, G.D. Marshall, P. Dekker, M.J. Withford, PIERS Online 4, 146 (2008)
P.S. Salter et al., Opt. Lett. 37, 470 (2012)
R.D. Simmonds, P.S. Salter, A. Jesacher, M.J. Booth, Opt. Express 19, 24122 (2011)
A. Okhrimchuk, V. Mezentsev, A. Shestakov, I. Bennion, Opt. Express 20, 3832 (2012)
Y. Nasu, M. Kohtoku, Y. Hibino, Opt. Lett. 30, 723 (2005)
H. T. Bookey, R. R. Thomson, N. D. Psaila, A. K. Kar, Multi-scan femtosecond laser waveguide inscription in z- cut Lithium Niobate, in CLEO/Pacific Rim (2007)
G. Brown, R.R. Thomson, A.K. Kar, N.D. Psaila, H.T. Bookey, Opt. Lett. 37, 491 (2012)
G. Douglass, F. Dreisow, S. Gross, S. Nolte, M.J. Withford, Opt. Express 23, 21392 (2015)
S.M. Eaton et al., Appl. Opt. 47, 2098 (2008)
B. McMillen, B. Zhang, K.P. Chen, A. Benayas, D. Jaque, Opt. Lett. 37, 1418 (2012)
A. Crespi et al., Nat. Photonics 7, 545 (2013)
L. Sudrie et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 186601 (2002)
L. Sansoni et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 1 (2010)
A. Snyder, J. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory (Chapman & Hall, London, 1983)
Acknowledgments
Authors are grateful to K. S. Kravtsov for enlightening discussions and careful reading of the manuscript and to N. S. Chupriyanov for considerable help at the early stages of the experiment. This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Project 16-12-00017).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dyakonov, I.V., Kalinkin, A.A., Saygin, M.Y. et al. Low-loss single-mode integrated waveguides in soda-lime glass. Appl. Phys. B 122, 245 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-016-6520-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-016-6520-y