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Multi-spectroscopic analysis of cholesterol gallstone using TOF-SIMS, FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopy

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Abstract

For the first time, spatial distribution of major and trace elements has been studied in cholesterol gallstones using time-of-flight secondary mass ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The TOF-SIMS has been used to study the elemental constituents of the center and surface parts of the gallstone sample. We have classified the gallstone sample using Fourier transform spectroscopy. The detected elements in cholesterol gallstone sample were carbon (C), hydrogen (H), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), potassium (K), strontium (Sr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb). The detected molecules in the cholesterol gallstone were CH3 +, CO3 +, CaCO3 + and C3H+. Our results revealed that the contents of these elements in cholesterol gallstone were higher in the center part than that in the surface part. In the present paper, we have also presented the UV–Vis spectroscopic studies of the center and surface parts of the gallstone sample which indicated the presence of a higher content of cholesterol in the surface part and bilirubin in the center part.

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Acknowledgments

We are thankful to Central Instrumentation Laboratory (CIL), Punjab University, Chandigarh, for providing FTIR experimental facilities. The authors are also thankful to Professor S. B. Rai, and Prof. S.N. Thakur from the Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, for their valuable suggestions and discussions during the course of the present work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Kakryal, Katra, J&K, 182320, India

    Brij Bir S. Jaswal, Vinay Kumar, Jitendra Sharma & Vivek K. Singh

  2. Department of Physics, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa

    Vinay Kumar & H. C. Swart

  3. Department of Nephrology, Opal Hospital, DLW Road, Varanasi, 221010, India

    Pradeep K. Rai

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  1. Brij Bir S. Jaswal
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Correspondence to Vivek K. Singh.

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Jaswal, B.B.S., Kumar, V., Swart, H.C. et al. Multi-spectroscopic analysis of cholesterol gallstone using TOF-SIMS, FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Appl. Phys. B 121, 49–56 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-015-6200-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-015-6200-3

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