Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Photorefractive damage resistance in Ti:PPLN waveguides with ridge geometry

  • Published:
Applied Physics B Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A theoretical analysis of the photorefractive sensitivity of Ti:PPLN ridge waveguides in comparison with conventional Ti:PPLN channel waveguides is presented. In particular, intensity-dependent photorefraction, effective indices, waveguide modes and power-dependent SHG in Ti:PPLN ridge and channel waveguides are modeled for a wide range of parameters. Results predict a much better damage resistance of Ti:PPLN waveguides with ridge geometry in comparison with conventional indiffused channels. This superiority of ridge waveguides is attributed to their higher effective refractive index contrast and more tightly confined guided modes. The theoretical predictions are supported by experimental results for second harmonic generation (SHG) at room temperature and for light-induced detuning characteristics of the phase-matching wavelength.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Y.L. Lee, C. Jung, Y.C. Noh, M.Y. Park, C.C. Byeon, D.K. Ko, J. Lee, Opt. Express 12, 2649 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. C. Langrock, S. Kumar, J.E. McGeehan, A.E. Willner, M.M. Fejer, IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 24, 2580 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. K.P. Petrov, A.T. Ryan, T.L. Patterson, L. Huang, Simon J. Field, D.J. Bamford, Opt. Lett. 23, 1052 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Jechow, M. Schedel, S. Stry, J. Sacher, R. Menzel, Opt. Lett. 32, 3035 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. S.L. Jansen, D. van den Borne, B. Spinnler, S. Calabro, H. Suche, P.M. Krummrich, W. Sohler, G.-D. Khoe, H. de Waardt, IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 24, 54 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. J. Rams, A. Alczar de Velasco, M. Carrascosa, J.M. Cabrera, F. Agull-Lpez, Opt. Commun. 178, 211 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. W. Sohler, H. Hu, R. Ricken, V. Quiring, D. Buchter, S. Reza, W. Grundkotter, S. Orlov, H. Suche, R. Nouroozi, Y. Min, Opt. Photon. News 19, 24 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. G. Schreiber, H. Suche, Y.L. Lee, W. Grundktter, V. Quiring, R. Ricken, W. Sohler, Appl. Phys. B 73, 501 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. Y.L. Lee, C. Jung, Y.C. Noh, Do-K Ko, J. Lee, J. Korean Phys. Soc. 44, 267 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  10. J.L. Jackel, C.E. Rice, J. Veselka, Appl. Phys. Lett. 41, 607 (1982)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. Y.N. Korkishko, V.A. Fedorov, T.M. Morozova, F. Caccavale, F. Gonella, F. Segato, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 15, 1838 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. P.G. Suchoski, T.K. Findakly, F.J. Leonberger, Opt. Lett. 13, 1050 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. T. Fujiwara, R. Srivastava, X. Cao, R.V. Ramaswamy, Opt. Lett. 18, 346 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. T. Volk, N. Rubinina, M. Wohlecke, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B. 11, 1681 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. Y. Kong, S. Liu, J. Xu, Materials 5, 1954 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. D.A. Bryan, R. Gerson, H.E. Tomaschke, Appl. Phys. Lett. 44, 847 (1984)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. M. Asobe, O. Tadanaga, T. Yanagawa, H. Itoh, H. Suzuki, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 3163 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Carnicero, M. Carrascosa, A. Mndez, A. Garca-Cabaes, J.M. Cabrera, Opt. Lett. 32, 2294 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Falk, T. Woike, K. Buse, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 847 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. M. Kosters, B. Sturman, P. Werheit, D. Haertle, K. Buse, Nat. Photon. 3, 510 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Q. Huang, P. Liu, T. Liu, L. Zhang, Y.-F. Zhou, X.-L. Wang, Phys. Status Solidi RRL 6, 205 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. A. Boudrioua, J.C. Loulergue, F. Laurell, P. Moretti, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 18, 1832 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. F. Chen, X.-L. Wang, K.-M. Wang, Opt. Mater. 29, 1523 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. T. Sugita, K. Mizuuchi, K. Yamamoto, K. Fukuda, T. Kai, I. Nakayama, K. Takahashi, Electron. Lett. 40, 1359 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Y. Nishida, H. Miyazawa, M. Asobe, O. Tadanaga, H. Suzuki, I.E.E.E. Photon, Technol. Lett. 17, 1049 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. J. Sun, C. Xu, Opt. Lett. 37, 2028 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. D. Jedrzejczyk, R. Guther, K. Paschke, G. Erbert, G. Trankle, Appl. Phys. B 109, 33 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. L. Gui, H. Hu, M. Garcia-Granda, W. Sohler, Opt. Express 17, 3923 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. Y. Nishida, H. Miyazawa, M. Asobe, O. Tadanaga, H. Suzuki, Electron. Lett. 39, 609 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. L. Gui, Periodically poled ridge waveguides and photonic wires in \(\text{ LiNbO }_{3}\) for efficient nonlinear interactions, PhD Dissertation, University of Paderborn, Dec. 2010

  31. M.G. Clark, F.J. DiSalvo, A.M. Glass, G.E. Peterson, J. Chem. Phys. 52, 6209 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. P. Gunter, J.P. Huignard, Photorefractive Materials and Their Applications 1 (Springer series in Optical Sciences, Heidelberg, 2005)

    Google Scholar 

  33. F.S. Chen, J. Appl. Phys. 40, 3389 (1969)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. F. Jermann, J. Otten, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 10, 2085 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. V. Grachev, G. Malovichko, O. Schirmer, Radiat. Eff. Defect S 150, 277 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. G. Malovichko, V. Grachev, E. Kokanyan, O. Schirmer, Phy. Rev. B 59, 9113 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. E. Strake, G.P. Bava, I. Montrosset, IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 26, 1126 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. M.A.R. Franco, L.C. de Vasconcellos, J.M. Machado, Telecommun. 7, 54 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  39. K.R. Parameswaran, J.R. Kurz, R.V. Roussev, M.M. Fejer, Opt. Lett. 27, 42 (2002)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. R. Schiek, T. Pertsch, Opt. Mater. Express 2, 126 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Lumerical Sol. Inc. http://www.lumerical.com/tcad-products/mode/

  42. R. Regener, W. Sohler, Appl. Phys. B 36, 143 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India

    Shantanu Pal & Bijoy Krishna Das

  2. Department of Physics, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany

    Wolfgang Sohler

Authors
  1. Shantanu Pal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bijoy Krishna Das
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Wolfgang Sohler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bijoy Krishna Das.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Pal, S., Das, B.K. & Sohler, W. Photorefractive damage resistance in Ti:PPLN waveguides with ridge geometry. Appl. Phys. B 120, 737–749 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-015-6191-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-015-6191-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation