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Crystal growth, optical spectroscopy, and continuous-wave laser operation of Ho:KLu(WO4)2 crystals

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Abstract

We present the crystal growth, optical spectroscopy, and room temperature continuous-wave (CW) laser operation of monoclinic Ho:KLu(WO4)2 crystals. Macro defect-free crystals of several dopant concentrations were grown by top-seeded solution growth slow-cooling method. The evolution of unit cell parameters with holmium doping level and temperature was studied using X-ray powder diffraction. The spectroscopic properties were characterized in terms of room- and low-temperature optical absorption and photoluminescence. From low-temperature optical absorption measurements, the energy of the Stark levels was determined. Calculation of the emission and gain cross sections is presented. CW laser action was realized for 3 and 5 at. % Ho-doped KLu(WO4)2 by in-band pumping using a Tm:KLu(WO4)2 pump laser. A maximum output power of 507 mW with a slope efficiency of ~38 % with respect to the incident power was achieved at 2,080 nm with the Ho:KLu(WO4)2 laser.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Spanish Government under projects MAT2011-29255-C02, PI09/90527, and the Catalan Authority under project 2009SGR235. This work has been partially funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme, under projects Cleanspace, FP7-SPACE-2010-1-GA-263044. The research leading to these results has also received funding from LASERLAB-EUROPE (Grant agreement No. 284464, EC’s Seventh Framework Programme).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades c/Marcel·lí Domingo, s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain

    V. Jambunathan, X. Mateos, M. C. Pujol, J. J. Carvajal, M. Aguiló & F. Díaz

  2. Max-Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born Strasse 2A, 12489, Berlin, Germany

    X. Mateos, U. Griebner & V. Petrov

  3. Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain

    C. Zaldo

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  1. V. Jambunathan
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  2. X. Mateos
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  4. J. J. Carvajal
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  7. V. Petrov
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Correspondence to X. Mateos.

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Jambunathan, V., Mateos, X., Pujol, M.C. et al. Crystal growth, optical spectroscopy, and continuous-wave laser operation of Ho:KLu(WO4)2 crystals. Appl. Phys. B 116, 455–466 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-013-5720-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-013-5720-y

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