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Optical and magnetic studies of Co0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4 spinel ferrites with Dy3+ substituted for the application of sensors prepared through sol–gel process

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Abstract

Dysprosium (Dy3+) substituted cobalt-zinc spinel ferrites were synthesized having composition (Co0.7Zn0.3 Dy3+ xFe2−xO4) with the concentration ranges from (0.00, 0.5, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) by using the Sol–Gel synthesis. XRD analysis confirmed the FCC spinel structure of the prepared samples. Lattice constant and X-ray density were calculated in variance ranging from 8.40–8.46 Å and 5.28–5.77 g/cm3, respectively. Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to measure the frequency band in between 411–562 cm−1 for the tetra and octahedral positions. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the surface morphology of the prepared samples. The field emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM) was used for the confirmation of particle size. The calculated value of crystalline size was 13 nm, while particle size was the best on 23 nm. It was observed that, on applied field frequency the dielectric parameters exhibits decreasing trend. Magnetic properties were examined by Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) method and found out saturation magnetization (63.99 emu/g), anisotropy (K) (5366.82 J/m3) and magnetic moment (2.77) were in decreasing while retentivity (2.38 emu/g), squareness ratio (0.07) and coercivity Hc (133.71Oe) were in increasing trend respectively. These features of Dy3+ substituted Co–Zn spinel ferrites recommend their better use in sensors and high frequency devices.

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The data that support the findings are available from the corresponding author, (author initials), upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Researcher’s Supporting Project Number (RSPD2024R699) King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for their support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, 87300, Pakistan

    Noor-ul-Haq Khan, Zaheer Abbas Gilani,  Samiullah, H. M. Noor ul Huda Khan Asghar & Furhaj Ahmed Sheikh

  2. Department of Physics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan

    Muhammad Khalid

  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China

    Muhammad Zubair Nawaz

  4. Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Syed Mansoor Ali

  5. Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan

    Muhammad Azhar Khan

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The role(s) of all authors are listed below on the behalf of all authors. Noor-ul-Haq Khan: conducting a research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection, preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically writing the initial draft. Zaheer Abbas Gilani: development or design of methodology; creation of models. Samiullah: conducting a research and investigation process. Data/evidence collection, preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically validation, writing—review and editing. Muhammad Khalid: provision of study materials, instrumentation, computing resources analysis tools. H. M. Noor ul Huda Khan Asghar: ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims, verification, experiments and other research outputs, oversight and leadership responsibility for the research activity planning and execution, including mentorship external to the core team. Muhammad Zubair Nawaz: preparation, creation, specifically critical review, commentary or revision—including pre-or post-publication stages. Syed Mansoor Ali: management and coordination responsibility for the research activity planning and execution. Muhammad Azhar Khan: preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically visualization/data presentation. Furhaj Ahmed Sheikh: maintain research data (including software code, where it is necessary for interpreting the data itself) for initial use and later reuse.

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Khan, NuH., Gilani, Z.A., Samiullah et al. Optical and magnetic studies of Co0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4 spinel ferrites with Dy3+ substituted for the application of sensors prepared through sol–gel process. Appl. Phys. A 130, 321 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-024-07476-w

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