Abstract
Selective and sensitive detection of halides in water is critically important in the diagnosis of diseases and assessment of aquatic ecosystems. The recognition is usually carried out by numerous analytical techniques such as ion chromatography, fluorescence, near-infrared spectroscopy, ion-selective electrode and light scattering. Although these methods offer high sensitivity, they are expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, great efforts have been focused on the sensing of halide anions in water through a simple, fast, low-cost and portable paper-based colorimetric platform. In particular, the sensing process with silver nanoparticles interacting with analytes is of great chemical and biological interest. In this work, anisotropic silver nanoparticles in size and shape embedded in epoxy resin were prepared and subsequently printed on filter papers of cellulose. The influence of water and halide anions (Cl−, Br− and I−) on the morphology of these nanoparticles are investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Raman shift and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The mechanism involves aggregation of faceted silver nanoparticles induced by interactions between carbonyl groups of the resin and water. Subsequently, the interaction between halide anions and the aggregated silver nanoparticles causes oxidative etching on their surface, shape conversion (faceted to quasi-spherical shapes), decreasing in the particle size and formation of chain–like or compact aggregates resulting in strong interparticle plasmonic coupling. This selective mechanism was tested for the naked-eye colorimetric recognition of chloride anions in a complex simulated physiological system, whose results show promising perspectives to develop diagnostic-sensing devices.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.
References
K. Sandeep, K.T. Hamida, CsPbBr 3 perovskite–coated paper substrate for the cost-effective detection of fluoride, chloride, and iodide ions in water. Phys. Status Solidi (A) 218, 2100101 (2021)
R. Ma, M. Yan, P. Han, T. Wang, B. Li, S. Zhou, T. Zheng, Y. Hu, A.G.L. Borthwick, C. Zheng, J. Ni, Deficiency and excess of groundwater iodine and their health associations. Nat. Commun. 13, 7354 (2022)
L. Trnkova, V. Adam, J. Hubalek, P. Babula, R. Kizek, Amperometric sensor for detection of chloride ions. Sensors 8, 5619–5636 (2008)
J. Zhang, X. Xu, C. Yang, F. Yang, X. Yang, Colorimetric iodide recognition and sensing by citrate-stabilized core/shell Cu@ Au nanoparticles. Anal. Chem. 83, 3911–3917 (2011)
M.J. Langton, C.J. Serpell, P.D. Beer, Anion recognition in water: recent advances from a supramolecular and macromolecular perspective. Angew. Chem. 55, 1974–1987 (2016)
Z. Zhang, H. Wang, Z. Chen, X. Wang, J. Choo, L. Chen, Plasmonic colorimetric sensors based on etching and growth of noble metal nanoparticles: Strategies and applications. Biosens. Bioelectron. 114, 52–65 (2018)
N.H. Anh, M.Q. Doan, N.X. Dinh, T.Q. Huy, D.Q. Tri, B. Van Hao, A.T. Le, Gold nanoparticle-based optical nanosensors for food and health safety monitoring: recent advances and future perspectives. RSC Adv. 12(18), 10950–10988 (2022)
J. Zeng, Y. Zhang, T. Zeng, R. Aleisa, Z. Qiu, Y. Chen, Y. Yin, Anisotropic plasmonic nanostructures for colorimetric sensing. Nano Today 32, 100855 (2020)
F. Qu, N.B. Li, H.Q. Luo, Polyethyleneimine-templated Ag nanoclusters: a new fluorescent and colorimetric platform for sensitive and selective sensing halide ions and high disturbance-tolerant recognitions of iodide and bromide in coexistence with chloride under condition of high ionic strength. Anal. Chem. 84, 10373–10379 (2012)
X.C. Jiang, A.B. Yu, Silver nanoplates: a highly sensitive material toward inorganic anions. Langmuir 24, 4300–4309 (2008)
M.S. Hsu, Y.W. Cao, H.W. Wang, Y.S. Pan, B.H. Lee, C.L. Huang, Time-dependent surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy of silver nanoprisms in the presence of halide ions. ChemPhysChem 11, 1742–1748 (2010)
Y. Gu, S. Kong, X. Diao, Y. Guo, K. Zhang, H. He, Mechanistic study on the facet etching effect of silver nanoprisms in the presence of halide ions and their application in the colorimetric sensing of metformin hydrochloride. New J. Chem. 40, 7557–7563 (2016)
Y. Ma, X.F. Shen, F. Liu, Y.H. Pang, Colorimetric detection toward halide ions by a silver nanocluster hydrogel. Talanta 211, 120717 (2020)
D. Jiang, B. Tang, H. Guo, W. Xu, S. Xu, Halide ions sensing in water via silver nanoprism self-assembled chips. Sci. Adv. Mater. 5, 1105–1110 (2013)
A. Yakoh, P. Rattanarat, W. Siangproh, O. Chailapakul, Simple and selective paper-based colorimetric sensor for determination of chloride ion in environmental samples using label-free silver nanoprisms. Talanta 178, 134–140 (2018)
A. Franco, C. Velásquez-Ordoñez, M. Ojeda-Martínez, M. Ojeda-Martínez, E. Barrera-Calva, V. Rentería-Tapia, Paper-based colorimetric sensor for detection of chloride anions in water using an epoxy-silver nanocomposite. J. Nanopart. Res. 24, 54 (2022)
M. Maruthupandi, M. Chandhru, S.K. Rani, N. Vasimalai, Highly selective detection of iodide in biological, food, and environmental samples using polymer-capped silver nanoparticles: Preparation of a paper-based testing kit for on-site monitoring. ACS Omega 4, 11372–11379 (2019)
V. Rentería-Tapia, E. Barrera-Calva, Evaluación de un nanocompuesto plata-epoxi impreso en papel para la detección selectiva de aniones yoduro en agua, in Paper presented at the 9th Congress of the Academia Journals. San Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas 29–30 June (2023)
M.G. Espinoza, M.L. Hinks, A.M. Mendoza, D.P. Pullman, K.I. Peterson, Kinetics of halide-induced decomposition and aggregation of silver nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. C 116, 8305–8313 (2012)
M.M. Jiang, H.Y. Chen, B.H. Li, K.W. Liu, C.X. Shan, D.Z. Shen, Hybrid quadrupolar resonances stimulated at short wavelengths using coupled plasmonic silver nanoparticle aggregation. J. Mater. Chem. C 2, 56–63 (2014)
A. Dager, T. Uchida, T. Maekawa, M. Tachibana, Synthesis and characterization of mono-disperse carbon quantum dots from fennel seeds: photoluminescence analysis using machine learning. Sci. Rep. 9, 14004 (2019)
A. Bos, The UV spectra of cellulose and some model compounds. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 16, 2567–2576 (1972)
K.B. Teodoro, F.L. Migliorini, M.H. Facure, D.S. Correa, Conductive electrospun nanofibers containing cellulose nanowhiskers and reduced graphene oxide for the electrochemical detection of mercury (II). Carbohydr. Polym.. Polym. 207, 747–754 (2019)
T. Bikova, A. Treimanis, UV-absorbance of oxidized xylan and monocarboxyl cellulose in alkaline solutions. Carbohydr. Polym.. Polym. 55, 315–322 (2004)
Y. Pu, A.J. Ragauskas, L.A. Lucia, V. Naithani, H. Jameel, Near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometric analysis for determining oxygen delignification yield. J. Wood Chem. Technol. 28, 122–136 (2008)
M.R.M. Izawa, D.M. Applin, L. Norman, E.A. Cloutis, Reflectance spectroscopy (350–2500 nm) of solid-state polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Icarus 237, 159–181 (2014)
V.R. Tapia, M.S. Tizapa, E.R. Mora, M.L.O. Martínez, A. Franco, E.B. Calva, Solvent-induced morphological changes of polyhedral silver nanoparticles in epoxy resin. Plasmonics 11, 1417–1426 (2016)
M.A. Lucchini, E. Lizundia, S. Moser, M. Niederberger, G. Nystrom, Titania-cellulose hybrid monolith for in-flow purification of water under solar illumination. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 10, 29599–29607 (2018)
R.L. Garrell, K.D. Shaw, S. Krimm, Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy of halide ions on colloidal silver: morphology and coverage dependence. Surf. Sci. 124, 613–624 (1983)
Y. Zhang, S. Prabakar, E.C. Le Ru, Coadsorbed species with halide ligands on silver nanoparticles with different binding affinities. J. Phys. Chem. C 126, 8692–8702 (2022)
J. Weber, W. Von Der Osten, Resonant multiphonon Raman scattering in AgBr. Z. Phys. B Condens. Matter. 24, 343–349 (1976)
I. Martina, R. Wiesinger, D. Jembrih-Simbürger, M. Schreiner, Micro-Raman characterisation of silver corrosion products: instrumental set up and reference database. e-Preserv. Sci. 9, 1–8 (2012)
U.P. Agarwal, 1064 nm FT-Raman spectroscopy for investigations of plant cell walls and other biomass materials. Front. Plant Sci. 5, 490 (2014)
M. Nilsson, Water-induced charge transport in microcrystalline cellulose (Doctoral dissertation, Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis) (2006)
K.Z. Voter, C.L. Ren, Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol. 35, 100–106 (2008)
M.R. Marques, R. Loebenberg, M. Almukainzi, Simulated biological fluids with possible application in dissolution testing. Dissolut. Technol.. Technol. 18, 15–28 (2011)
H.S. Toh, C. Batchelor-McAuley, K. Tschulik, R.G. Compton, Electrochemical detection of chloride levels in sweat using silver nanoparticles: a basis for the preliminary screening for cystic fibrosis. Analyst 138, 4292–4297 (2013)
Acknowledgements
Víctor Rentería-Tapia grateful to CONAHCYT for the grant fellowship. The authors thank Dra. Miriam Tostado Plascencia and Environment and Renewable Energy Laboratory (CUVALLES-UdG) for the support given in the optical measurements.
Funding
No funding was received for conducting this study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
VR-T carried out experiments and preparation of the samples, analysis of results, writing and contributed to design, supervision and implementation of the investigation. EB-C contributed to analysis of results, writing and revision of the manuscript. All the authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Rentería-Tapia, V., Barrera-Calva, E. Effect of halide anions on the morphology of anisotropic silver nanoparticles printed on paper and applications in selective sensing. Appl. Phys. A 130, 114 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-07262-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-07262-0