Abstract
Structure-terahertz (THz) property relationship for sodium tungsten tellurite (NWT) and lanthanum tungsten tellurite (LWT) glass systems is reported and is the first of its kind for non-silicate oxide glasses. Raman spectroscopy was used to determine structural units, connectivity, and glass network. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) was used to record the THz refractive index, n(THz), at 0.502 THz. NWT and LWT glasses record higher measurable n(THz) correlated to a glass network with substantial TeO2 and WO3 content with mixed Te–O–W linkages and TeO2- or WO3-rich content with homonuclear Te–O–Te or W–O–W linkages, respectively. Concurrent examination revealed three distinct regions of n(THz).
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.
Change history
06 November 2022
Correct /cm−1 to cm−1
08 November 2022
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-022-06200-w
References
R. El-Mallawany, Tellurite Glasses Handbook: Physical Properties and Data (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2002)
R. El-Mallawany, The optical properties of tellurite glasses. J. Appl. Phys. 72, 1774–1777 (1992)
R. El-Mallawany, M.D. Abdalla, I.A. Ahmed, New tellurite glass: optical properties. Mater. Chem. Phys. 109, 291–296 (2008)
S. Manning, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, T.M. Monro, Ternary tellurite glasses for the fabrication of nonlinear optical fibres. Opt. Mater. Express 2, 140–152 (2012)
A. Jha, B. Richards, G. Jose, T. Toney Fernandez, C. Hill, J. Lousteau, P. Joshi, Review on structural, thermal, optical and spectroscopic properties of tellurium oxide based glasses for fibre optic and waveguide applications. Int. Mater. Rev. 57, 357–382 (2012)
J. Cimek, N. Liaros, S. Couris, R. Stępień, M. Klimczak, R. Buczyński, Experimental investigation of the nonlinear refractive index of various soft glasses dedicated for development of nonlinear photonic crystal fibers. Opt. Mater. Express 7, 3471–3483 (2017)
G.S. Murugan, T. Suzuki, Y. Ohishi, Raman characteristics and nonlinear optical properties of tellurite and phosphotellurite glasses containing heavy metal oxides with ultrabroad Raman bands. J. Appl. Phys. 100, 023107 (2006)
J. Wang, E. Vogel, E. Snitzer, Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices. Opt. Mater. 3, 187–203 (1994)
T. Sekiya, N. Mochida, A. Ohtsuka, M. Tonokawa, Normal vibrations of two polymorphic forms of TeO2 crystals and assignments of Raman peaks of pure TeO2 glass. J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 97, 1435–1440 (1989)
T. Sekiya, N. Mochida, A. Ohtsuka, Raman spectra of MO-TeO2 (M = Mg, Sr, Ba and Zn) glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 168, 106–114 (1994)
T. Sekiya, N. Mochida, A. Ohtsuka, M. Tonokawa, Raman spectra of MO1/2-TeO2 (M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and Tl) glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 144, 128–144 (1992)
T. Sekiya, N. Mochida, S. Ogawa, Structural study of WO3-TeO2 glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 176, 105–115 (1994)
T. Sekiya, N. Mochida, A. Ohtsuka, A. Soejima, Raman spectra of BO3/2-TeO2 glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 151, 222–228 (1992)
A. Kalampounias, G. Tsilomelekis, S. Boghosian, Glass-forming ability of TeO2 and temperature induced changes on the structure of the glassy, supercooled, and molten states. J. Chem. Phys. 142, 154503 (2015)
N. Tagiara, D. Palles, E. Simandiras, V. Psycharis, A. Kyritsis, E. Kamitsos, Synthesis, thermal and structural properties of pure TeO2 glass and zinc-tellurite glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 457, 116–125 (2017)
T. Uchino, T. Yoko, Ab initio cluster model calculations on the vibrational frequencies of TeO2 glass. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 204, 243–252 (1996)
F. Pietrucci, S. Caravati, M. Bernasconi, TeO2 glass properties from first principles. Phys. Rev. B Condens. Matter 78, 064203 (2008)
G.W. Brady, Structure of tellurium oxide glass. J. Chem. Phys. 27, 300–303 (1957)
S. Neov, V. Kozhukharov, I. Gerasimova, K. Krezhov, B. Sidzhimov, A model for structural recombination in tellurite glasses. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 12, 2475 (1979)
O.L.G. Alderman, C.J. Benmore, S. Feller, E. Kamitsos, E. Simandiras, D.G. Liakos, M. Jesuit, M. Boyd, M. Packard, R. Weber, Short-range disorder in TeO2 melt and glass. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11, 427–431 (2019)
J. Duffy, M. Ingram, S. Fong, Effect of basicity on chemical bonding of metal ions in glass and its relevance to their stability. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2, 1829–1833 (2000)
J.A. Duffy, Bonding, Energy Levels, and Bands in Inorganic Solids (Longman Scientific and Technical, Essex, 1990)
C.P. Rodriguez, J.S. McCloy, M. Schweiger, J.V. Crum, A.E. Winschell, Optical Basicity and Nepheline Crystallization in High Alumina Glasses (Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, 2011)
J. Duffy, Optical basicity of fluorides and mixed oxide–fluoride glasses and melts. Phys. Chem. Glas. Eur. J. Glass Sci. Technol. B 52, 107–114 (2011)
M. Hoffmann. Novel Techniques in THz-Time-Domain-Spectroscopy—A Comprehensive Study of Technical Improvements to THz-TDS. (Fakultat fur Mathematik und Physik der Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg im Breisgau, 2006).
M. C. Beard, G. M. Turner, and C. A. Schmuttenmaer, Terahertz spectroscopy. J. Phys. Chem. B. 106(29), 7146–7159 (2002).
M. Naftaly, A. Foulds, R. Miles, A. Davies, Terahertz transmission spectroscopy of nonpolar materials and relationship with composition and properties. J. Infrared Millim. Terahertz Waves 26, 55–64 (2005)
M. Naftaly, R. Miles, Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy: a new tool for the study of glasses in the far infrared. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 351, 3341–3346 (2005)
M. Naftaly, R. Miles, Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of silicate glasses and the relationship to material properties. J. Appl. Phys. 102, 1–6 (2007)
M. Naftaly, R.E. Miles, Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy for material characterization. Proc. IEEE 95, 1658–1665 (2007)
T. Löffler, T. Bauer, K. Siebert, H.G. Roskos, A. Fitzgerald, S. Czasch, Terahertz dark-field imaging of biomedical tissue. Opt. Express 9, 616–621 (2001)
J.F. Federici, B. Schulkin, F. Huang, D. Gary, R. Barat, F. Oliveira, D. Zimdars, THz imaging and sensing for security applications—explosives, weapons and drugs. Semicond. Sci. Technol. 20, S266 (2005)
S. Dhillon, M. Vitiello, E. Linfield, A. Davies, M.C. Hoffmann, J. Booske, C. Paoloni, M. Gensch, P. Weightman, G. Williams, The 2017 terahertz science and technology roadmap. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50, 043001 (2017)
G. Upender, S. Ramesh, M. Prasad, V. Sathe, V.C. Mouli, Optical band gap, glass transition temperature and structural studies of (100−2x)TeO2−xAg2O−xWO3 glass system. J. Alloys Compd. 504, 468–474 (2010)
B. Chowdari, P.P. Kumari, Structure and ionic conduction in the Ag2O·WO3·TeO2 glass system. J. Mater. Sci. 33, 3591–3599 (1998)
C. Wang, Z. Shen, B. Chowdari, Raman studies of Ag2O·WO3·TeO2 ternary glasses. J. Raman Spectrosc. 29, 819–823 (1998)
J. Ozdanova, H. Ticha, L. Tichy, Optical band gap and Raman spectra in some (Bi2O3)x(WO3)y(TeO2)100−x−y and (PbO)x(WO3)y(TeO2)100−x−y glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 355, 2318–2322 (2009)
V. Sokolov, V. Plotnichenko, V. Koltashev, E. Dianov, On the structure of tungstate–tellurite glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 5618–5632 (2006)
B. Chowdari, P.P. Kumari, Raman spectroscopic study of ternary silver tellurite glasses. Mater. Res. Bull. 34, 327–342 (1999)
Y. Himei, A. Osaka, T. Nanba, Y. Miura, Coordination change of Te atoms in binary tellurite glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 177, 164–169 (1994)
S. Sundaram, Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of glasses, in Springer Handbook of Glass. ed. by J.H.J. David Musgraves, L. Calvez (Springer, New York, 2019), pp.909–929
Acknowledgements
Nicholas Tostanoski acknowledges teaching assistant support from the Inamori School of Engineering. S. K. Sundaram acknowledges support from Kyocera Corporation in the form of Inamori Professorship. The Raman instrumentation is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant no. DMR-1626164.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by NJT. The first draft of the manuscript was written by NJT and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
The original online version of this article was revised: Due to incorrect unit “/cm−1”. It should be “cm−1”.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Tostanoski, N.J., Sundaram, S.K. Structure-terahertz property relationship in tellurite glasses. Appl. Phys. A 128, 1001 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-022-06148-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-022-06148-x