Abstract
In this study, the authors emphasized an incisive purpose as the valorization of waste soda–lime–silicate glass (SLS) for a potential gamma-rays shielding material. For this, xTa2O5-(100-x)SLS glass systems where x: 0, 0.005, 0.05, and 0.5 wt% were fabricated via conventional melting technique. The synthesized four glass specimens (RG and RGT1 to RGT3) were then subjected to physical, optical, and radiation shielding measurements. Simulation studies (MCNP-5) and theoretical computations (XCOM) were conducted to validate the findings. The results clearly showed that the insertion of Ta2O5 improved both physical and optical properties. In particular, RGT3, having a higher amount, possessed the highest glass density (ρglass) and refractive index (n) values. On the other hand, the transmission factor (TF) data revealed that increasing the thickness of the glass sample caused a notable decrease in the TF values. RG decreases from 92.233% to 78.461%, 61.562%, and 48.302% for thicknesses of 0.5 cm, 1.5 cm, 3 cm, and 4.5 cm. RGT3 shows the best radiation shielding potential out of the investigated waste SLS samples according to the several radiation shielding factors.
Similar content being viewed by others
Reference
M. Testa, O. Malandrino, M.R. Sessa, S. Supino, D. Sica, Long-term sustainability from the perspective of cullet recycling in the container glass industry: evidence from Italy. Sustainability. 9(10), 1752 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/su9101752 (Switzerland)
G. Hole, A.S. Hole, Recycling as the way to greener production: a mini review. J. Clean. Prod. 212, 910–915 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.080
H. Isa, The need for waste management in the glass industries: a review. Sci. Res. Essays. 3(7), 276–279 (2008)
A. Mohajerani, J. Vajna, T.H.H. Cheung, H. Kurmus, A. Arulrajah, S. Horpibulsuk, Practical recycling applications of crushed waste glass in construction materials: a review. Constr. Build. Mater. 156, 443–467 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.005
J. Deschamps, B. Simon, A. Tagnit-Hamou, B. Amor, Is open-loop recycling the lowest preference in a circular economy? answering through LCA of glass powder in concrete. J. Clean. Prod. 185, 14–22 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.021
J.X. Lu, Y. Zhou, P. He, S. Wang, P. Shen, C.S. Poon, Sustainable reuse of waste glass and incinerated sewage sludge ash in insulating building products: functional and durability assessment. J. Clean. Prod. 236, 117635 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117635
B.M. Scalet, M. Garcia Muñoz, Q. Sissa Aivi, S. Roudier, D.S. Luis, Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Manufacture of Glass. 2013.
J.D. Musgraves, J. Hu, L. Calvez, Springer Handbook of Glass (Springer, New York, 2019).
M. Hasanuzzaman, A. Rafferty, M. Sajjia, A.G. Olabi, Properties of glass materials. Ref. Module. Mater. Sci. Mater. Eng. (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803581-8.03998-9
M. Flood et al., Glass fines: a review of cleaning and up-cycling possibilities. J. Clean. Prod. 267, 121875 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121875
Glass Recycling Facts - Glass Packaging Institute (2020), Available: https://www.gpi.org/glass-recycling-facts. Accessed 17 Sep 2020
Glass recycling – Current market trends - 2recovery (2020), Available https://www.recovery-worldwide.com/en/artikel/glass-recycling-current-market-trends_3248774.html. Accessed 17 Sep 2020
Statistics - FEVE (2020), Available: https://feve.org/about-glass/statistics/. Accessed 17 Sep 2020
M.I. Sayyed, Y. Elmahroug, B.O. Elbashir, S.A.M. Issa, Gamma-ray shielding properties of zinc oxide soda lime silica glasses. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 28(5), 4064–4074 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-6022-z
B. Çetin, B.A. Yalçin, M. Albaşkara, Investigation of radiation shielding properties of soda-lime-silica glasses doped with different food materials. Acta Phys Pol A 132(3), 988–990 (2017). https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.132.988
R. Kurtulus, T. Kavas, Investigation on the physical properties, shielding parameters, glass formation ability, and cost analysis for waste soda-lime-silica (SLS) glass containing SrO. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 176(June), 109090 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109090
R. Kurtulus, T. Kavas, I. Akkurt, K. Gunoglu, An experimental study and WinXCom calculations on X-ray photon characteristics of Bi2O3- and Sb2O3-added waste soda-lime-silica glass. Ceram. Int. 46(13), 21120–21127 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.05.188
X. Lu, L. Deng, J. Du, Effect of ZrO2 on the structure and properties of soda-lime silicate glasses from molecular dynamics simulations. J. Non-Crystalline. Solids. 491(April), 141–150 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2018.04.013
B. Suhendro, Toward green concrete for better sustainable environment. Procedia. Eng. 95, 305–320 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.190
P. Guo, W. Meng, H. Nassif, H. Gou, Y. Bao, New perspectives on recycling waste glass in manufacturing concrete for sustainable civil infrastructure. Constr. Build. Mater. 257, 119579 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119579
E.M.M. Ewais, M.A.A. Attia, A.A.M. El-Amir, A.M.H. Elshenway, T. Fend, Optimal conditions and significant factors for fabrication of soda lime glass foam from industrial waste using nano AlN. J. Alloys. Compd. 747, 408–415 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.03.039
Aaboe, R., Oiseth, E., Hagglund, J., Granulated foamed glass for civil engineering applications. In: Recycled materials in road & airfield, (2005)
G. Lakshminarayana et al., Assessment of gamma-rays and fast neutron beam attenuation features of Er2O3-doped B2O3–ZnO–Bi2O3 glasses using XCOM and simulation codes (MCNP5 and Geant4). Appl. Phys. A Mater. Sci. Process. 125(11), 1–14 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-019-3099-2
R. Elsaman et al., (59.5–x) P2O5–30Na2O–10Al2O3–0.5CoO–xNd2O3 glassy system: an experimental investigation on structural and gamma-ray shielding properties. Appl. Phys. A. Mater. Sci. Process. 126(7), 1–13 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03697-x
M.I. Sayyed et al., Structural, optical, and shielding investigations of TeO2–GeO2–ZnO–Li2O–Bi2O3 glass system for radiation protection applications. Appl. Phys. A. Mater. Sci. Process. 125(6), 1–8 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-019-2709-3
R. El-Mallawany, F.I. El-Agawany, M.S. Al-Buriahi, C. Muthuwong, A. Novatski, Y.S. Rammah, Optical properties and nuclear radiation shielding capacity of TeO2-Li2O-ZnO glasses. Opt. Mater. Amst. 106(April), 109988 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2020.109988
Y. Al-Hadeethi, M.I. Sayyed, Y.S. Rammah, Fabrication, optical, structural and gamma radiation shielding characterizations of GeO2-PbO-Al2O3–CaO glasses. Ceram. Int. 46, 2055–2062 (2020)
S. Kaewjaeng et al., High transparency La2O3-CaO-B2O-SiO2 glass for diagnosis X-rays shielding material application. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 160, 41–47 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.03.018
I. Akkurt, H.O. Tekin, Radiological parameters for bismuth oxide glasses using Phy-X/PSD software. Emerg. Mater. Res. 9(3), 1–9 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.20.00209
Y.S. Rammah et al., SnO Reinforced silicate glasses and utilization in gamma radiation shielding applications. Emerg. Mater. Res. 9(3), 1–8 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.20.00150
K.S. Mann, γ-ray shielding behaviors of some nuclear engineering materials. Nucl. Eng. Technol. 49(4), 792–800 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2016.12.016
M.I. Sayyed, K.M. Kaky, D.K. Gaikwad, O. Agar, U.P. Gawai, S.O. Baki, Physical, structural, optical and gamma radiation shielding properties of borate glasses containing heavy metals (Bi2O3/MoO3). J. Non-Crystalline. Solids. 507(January), 30–37 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2018.12.010
M.I. Sayyed, K.M. Kaky, E. Şakar, U. Akbaba, M.M. Taki, O. Agar, Gamma radiation shielding investigations for selected germanate glasses. J. Non-Crystalline. Solids 512(February), 33–40 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2019.02.014
M.I. Sayyed, Y.S. Rammah, F. Laariedh, A.S. Abouhaswa, T.B. Badeche, Effect of Bi2O3 on some optical and gamma-photon-shielding properties of new bismuth borate glasses. Appl. Phys. A. Mater. Sci. Process 125(9), 1–9 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-019-2958-1
M.I. Sayyed, M. Çelikbilek Ersundu, A.E. Ersundu, G. Lakshminarayana, P. Kostka, Investigation of radiation shielding properties for MeO-PbCl2-TeO2 (MeO = Bi2O3, MoO3, Sb2O3, WO3, ZnO) glasses. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 144, 419–425 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.10.005
R. Bagheri, A. Khorrami Moghaddam, H. Yousefnia, Gamma ray shielding study of barium–bismuth–borosilicate glasses as transparent shielding materials using mcnp-4c code, xcom program, and available experimental data. Nucl. Eng. Technol. 49(1), 216–223 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2016.08.013
A. Kumar, Gamma ray shielding properties of PbO-Li2O-B2O3 glasses. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 136, 50–53 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.03.023
D.E. Vernacotola, Alkali niobium and tantalum silicate glasses and ferroelectric glass-ceramics. Mech. Corros. Prop. Ser. A. Key. Eng. Mater. 94–95, 379–408 (1994)
G.M. De Pietro et al., Thermal, structural, and crystallization properties of new tantalum alkali-germanate glasses. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 98(7), 2086–2093 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.13555
D. Adlienė, L. Gilys, E. Griškonis, Development and characterization of new tungsten and tantalum containing composites for radiation shielding in medicine. Nucl. Instrum. Methods. Phys. Res. Sect. B. Beam. Interact. Mater. Atoms. 467, 21–26 (2020)
A. Alalawi, Optical features and nuclear radiation shielding efficiency of ZnO-B2O3 -Ta2O5 glasses. Phys. Scr. 95(10), 105302 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/abb49d
I. Akkurt, S.S. Arda, K. Gunoglu, Variation of energy resolution with distance for a NaI(Tl) detector. Acta. Phys. Pol. A. 128(2), 422 (2015)
I. Akkurt et al., Monte Carlo simulation of a NaI(Tl) detector efficiency. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 176, 109081 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109081
I. Akkurt, K. Gunoglu, S.S. Arda, Detection efficiency of NaI(Tl) detector in 511–1332 keV energy range. Sci. Technol. Nucl. Install (2014). https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/186798
Y.Y. Çelen, A. Evcin, Synthesis and characterizations of magnetite–borogypsum for radiation shielding. Emerg. Mater. Res. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.20.00098
I. Akkurt, Effective atomic and electron numbers of some steels at different energies. Ann. Nucl. Energy. 36–11(12), 1702–1705 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2009.09.005
J. Briesmeister, MCNP – A general Monte Carlo Code For Neutron And Photon Transport. Report LA13709-M, Version 4C (National Laboratory, Los Alamos, 2000).
Y.S. Rammah, A. Kumar, K.A. Mahmoud, R. El-Mallawany, F.I. El-Agawany, G. Susoy, H.O. Tekin, SnO-reinforced silicate glasses and utilization in gamma-radiation-shielding applications. Emerg. Mater. Res. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.20.00150
I. Akkurt, H. Ozan Tekin, Radiological parameters for bismuth oxide glasses using phy-X/PSD software. Emerg. Mater. Res. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.20.00209
H.O. Tekin, S.A.M. Issa, K.A. Mahmoud, F.I. El-Agawany, Y.S. Rammah, G. Susoy, M.S. Al-Buriahi, M.M. Abuzaid, I. Akkurt, Nuclear radiation shielding competences of Barium (Ba) reinforced borosilicate glasses. Emerg. Mater. Res. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.20.00185
W.M. Abd-Allah, A.M. Fayad, H.A. Saudi, Effect of doping some lanthanide oxides on optical and radiation shielding properties of cadmium borate glasses. Opt. Quantum. Electron. 51(5), 1–14 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-019-1870-4
Y. Al-Hadeethi, M.I. Sayyed, H. Mohammed, L. Rimondin, X-ray photons attenuation characteristics for two tellurite based glass systems at dental diagnostic energies. Ceram. Int. 46, 251–257 (2020)
M.S. Gaafar, I.S. Mahmoud, Structural investigation and interpretation of some alkali lead borate glasses as radiation shielding materials. J. Aust. Ceram. Soc. 55(3), 865–872 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-018-00301-7
A.S. Asyikin, M.K. Halimah, A.A. Latif, M.F. Faznny, S.N. Nazrin, Physical, structural and optical properties of bio-silica borotellurite glass system doped with samarium oxide nanoparticles. J. Non-Crystalline. Solids 529(December), 119777 (2020)
E. Kavaz, H.O. Tekin, G. Kilic, G. Susoy, Newly developed Zinc-Tellurite glass system: an experimental investigation on impact of Ta2O5 on nuclear radiation shielding ability. J. Non-Crystalline. Solids 544(May), 120169 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2020.120169
S.H. Elazoumi et al., Effect of PbO on optical properties of tellurite glass. Results. Phys. 8, 16–25 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2017.11.010
M.D. Thombare, R.V. Joat, D.B. Thombre, Glasses study physical properties of sodiumborophosphate. Int. J. Eng. Sci. 6(7), 8482–8487 (2016)
L. Cordeiro et al., Thermal and structural properties of tantalum alkali-phosphate glasses. J. Non-Crystalline. Solids 402, 44–48 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2014.05.015
B. Paula de Sousa, L.M. Marcondes, S.A. Maestri, C. Ramos da Cunha, F.C. Cassanjes, G.Y. Poirier, Phosphate glasses with high tantalum oxide contents: thermal, structural and optical properties. Mater. Chem. Phys. 239(May), 2020 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.121996
A.M.O. Lima, J.F. Gomes, F.L. Hegeto, A.N. Medina, A. Steimacher, M.J. Barboza, Evaluation of TeO2 content on the optical and spectroscopic properties of Yb3 +-doped calcium borotellurite glasses. Spectrochim. Acta. Part. A. Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 193, 212–218 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2017.12.032
A.A. Ali, Y.S. Rammah, M.H. Shaaban, The influence of TiO2 on structural, physical and optical properties of B2O3 –TeO2 – Na2O – CaO glasses. J. Non-Crystalline. Solids. 514(February), 52–59 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2019.03.030
V. Dimitrov, S. Sakka, Electronic oxide polarizability and optical basicity of simple oxides I. J. Appl. Phys. 79(3), 1736–1740 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.360962
Y. Al-Hadeethi, M.I. Sayyed, BaO–Li2O–B2O3 glass systems: potential utilization in gamma radiation protection. Prog. Nucl. Energy 129, 103511 (2020)
R. Elsaman, S.A.M. Issa, H.O. Tekin, G. Susoy, A.A. Showahy, M.M. Elokr, T.T. Erguzel, Y.B. Saddeek, (59.5–x) P2O5–30Na2O–10Al2O3–05CoO–xNd2O3 glassy system: an experimental investigation on structural and gamma-ray shielding properties. Appl. Phys. A. 126, 502 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03697-x
Y. Al-Hadeethi, M.I. Sayyed, Using Phy-X/PSD to investigate gamma photons in SeO2–Ag2O–TeO2 glass systems for shielding applications. Ceram. Int. 46, 12416–12421 (2020)
Acknowledgements
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kavas, T., Kurtulus, R., Mahmoud, K.A. et al. Radiation shielding competencies for waste soda–lime–silicate glass reinforced with Ta2O5: experimental, computational, and simulation studies. Appl. Phys. A 127, 164 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-021-04323-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-021-04323-0