Abstract
In this paper, the effect of active layer doping and the In concentration (y) of InyGa1–yAs-based asymmetric QWIP are studied. A theoretical model is developed for the study by including the effect of strain due to lattice mismatch between GaAs and InGaAs stepped QW and also including the effect of doping on Hartree potential. High absorption and, hence, enhanced responsivity is obtained by incorporating Indium. However, absorption coefficient decreases with the increasing In concentration (y). However, the performance of the asymmetric QWIP is still better than its symmetric QWIP. Moreover, dark current also reduces in asymmetric QWIP as compared to symmetric QWIP.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R. Szweda, QWIPs–multi-spectral mine clearance and medical. III-Vs Rev. 18, 44 (2005)
S.D. Gunapala, S.V. Bandara, J.K. Liu, E.M. Luong, N. Stetson, C.A. Shott, J.J. Bock, S.B. Rafol, J.M. Mumolo, M.J. McKelvey, Long-wavelength 256 x256 GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) palm-size camera. IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 47(2), 326–332 (2000)
J. Moon, S.S. Li, J.H. Lee, A high performance quantum well infrared photodetector using superlattice-coupled quantum wells for long wavelength infrared detection. Infrared Phys. Tech. 44, 229–234 (2003)
N. Zeiri, S. Abdi-Ben Nasrallah, N. Sfina, M. Said, Intersubband transitions in quantum well mid-infrared photodetectors. Infrared Phys. Technol. 64, 33–39 (2014)
V. Guériaux, A. Nedelcu, P. Bois, Double barrier strained quantum well infrared photodetectors for the 3-5 µm atmospheric window. J. Appl. Phys. 105, 114515 (2009)
A. Rajira, H. Akabli, A. Almaggousi, A. Abounadi, The non parabolicity and the enhancement of the intersubband absorption in GaAs/GaAlAs quantum wells. Superlattices Microstruct. 84, 192–197 (2015)
N. Imam, E.N. Glytsis, T.K. Gaylord et al., Quantum-well infrared photodetector structure synthesis: methodology and experimental verification. J. Quantum Elec. 39, 468 (2003)
J. Li, K.K. Choi, J.F. Klem, J.L. Reno, D.C. Tsui, High gain, broadband InGaAs/InGaAsP quantum well infrared photodetector. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 081128 (2006)
F.D.P. Alves, J. Amorim, M. Byloos, H.C. Liu, A. Bezinger, M. Buchanan, N. Hanson, G. Karunasiri, Three band Quantum well infrared photodetector using interband and intersubband transitions. J. Appl. Phys. 103, 114515 (2008)
Mehjabeen A. Khan, Akeed A. Pavel, Naz Islam, Intersubband transition in asymmetric quantum well infrared photodetector. IEEE Trans. Nanotech. 12(4), 521–523 (2013)
A. Billaha, M.K. Das, Influence of doping on the performance of GaAs/AlGaAs QWIP for long wavelength applications. Opto-Electron. Rev. 24(1), 25–33 (2016)
Y. Yang, H.C. Liu, W.Z. Shen, N. Li, W. Lu, Z.R. Wasilewski, M. Buchanan, Optimal doping density for quantum well infrared photodetector performance. J. Quantum Electr. 45(6), 623–628 (2009)
C.W. Cheah, G. Karunasiri, L.S. Tan, Analysis of AlGaAs/GaAs/InGaAs n-type step multiple quantum wells for the optimization of normal incident absorption. Semicond. Sci. Technol. 17(9), 1028–1037 (2002)
B.F. Levine, A. Zussmann, S.D. Gunapala, M.T. Asom, J.M. Kuo, W.S. Hobson, Photoexcited escape probability, optical gain, and noise in quantum well infrared photodetectors. J. Appl. Phys. 72, 4429–4443 (1992)
E. Rosencher, B. Vinter, F. Luc, L. Thibaudeau, P. Bois, J. Nagle, Emission and capture of electrons in multiquantum-well structures. IEEE Trans. Quantum Electr. 30, 2875 (1994)
L. Jedral, C. Edirisinghe, H. Ruda, A. Moore, B. Lent, Optical characterization of AlInGaAs/InGaAs quantum well structures on InGaAs substrates. J. Appl. Phys. 82, 375–379 (1997)
I. Vurguftman, J.R. Meyer, L.R. Ram-Mohan, Band parameters for III-V compound semiconductors and their alloys. J. Appl. Phys. 89, 5815–5875 (2001)
Y. Hirayama, W.-Y. Choi, L.H. Peng, C.G. Fonstad, Absorption spectroscopy on room temperature excitonic transitions in strained layer InGaAs/InGaAlAs multiquantum-well strcutures. J. Appl. Phys. 74(1), 570–578 (1993)
C.G. Van de Walle, Band lineups and deformation potentials in the model-solid theory. Phys. Rev. B 39(3), 1871–1883 (1989)
I.S. Vasil’evskii, G.B. Galiev, E.A. Klimov, K. Požela, J. Požela, V. Jucienė, A. Sužiedėlis, N. Žurauskienė, S. Keršulis, V. Stankevič, Electron mobility and drift velocity in selectively doped InAlAs/InGaAs/InAlAs heterostructures. Semiconductors 45(9), 1169–1172 (2011)
H. Schneider, H.C. Liu, Quantum well infrared photodetectors physics and applications (Springer-Verlag, New York, 2007)
R. Quay, C. Moglestue, V. Palankovski et al., A temperature dependent model for the saturation velocity in semiconductor materials. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Proc. 3, 149–155 (2000)
S.D. Gunapala, B.F. Levine, L. Pfeiffer, K. West, Dependence of the performance of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well infrared photodetectors on doping and bias. J. Appl. Phys. 69, 6517 (1991)
K.L. Tsai, K.H. Chang, C.P. Lee, K.F. Huang, J.S. Tsang, H.R. Chen, Two-color infrared photodetector using GaAs/AlGaAs and strained InGaAs/AlGaAs multiquantum wells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 3504 (1993)
C. JungChi, S.L. Sheng, M.Z. Tidrow, P. Ho, M. Tsai, C.P. Lee, A voltage-tunable multicolor triple-coupled InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs quantum-well infrared photodetector for 8-12 µm detection. Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 2412 (1996)
S.R. Andrews, B.A. Miller, Experimental and theoretical studies of the performance of quantum-well infrared photodetectors. J. Appl. Phys. 70, 993 (1991)
E. Pelve, F. Beltram, C.G. Bethea, B.F. Levine, V.O. Shen, S.J. Hsieh, R.R. Abbott, Analysis of the dark current in doped-well multiple quantum well AlGaAs infrared photodetector. J. Appl. Phys. 66, 5656 (1989)
Acknowledgements
This work is partly supported by the Centre of Excellence in Renewable Energy, project under FAST, MHRD, Govt. of India (F. No. 5-6/2013-TS-VII) at Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Billaha, M.A., Das, M.K. Performance analysis of AlGaAs/GaAs/InGaAs-based asymmetric long-wavelength QWIP. Appl. Phys. A 125, 457 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-019-2750-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-019-2750-2