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Synthesis and characterization of PbO–CdO nanocomposite and its effect on (Bi,Pb)-2223 superconductor

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Abstract

A PbO–CdO nanocomposite-added Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 ((Bi,Pb)-2223) superconductor has been prepared. The effect of the PbO–CdO nanocomposite addition on the transport critical current density (J c) of (Bi,Pb)-2223 superconductor was investigated. The transition temperature (T c−onset), zero electrical resistance temperature (T c−R=0), and J c of the samples were measured by the four-probe method. Phase formation, structure, and microstructure of samples were investigated. The distribution of nanoparticle size was determined. The results indicated that the PbO–CdO-added samples showed larger grain size and an increased volume fraction of high-T c phase (Bi-2223) compared to the non-added sample. A slight increase in T c−R=0 of x = 0.15 wt% was observed. J c of the PbO–CdO nanocomposite-added samples was significantly higher than for the non-added sample. That could be explained by the possibility that the PbO–CdO nanocomposite acts as an effective flux pinning center in (Bi,Pb)-2223. At 77 K, J c of x = 0.15 wt% added sample was more than 20 times larger than J c of the non-added sample (x = 0 wt%). A combined effect of enhanced flux pinning, increased fraction of high-T c phase and improved grain size, which led to increase in the J c of added samples, is discussed.

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Acknowledgements

This work has been supported by the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia under grant no. FRGS/2/2013/SG02/UKM/01/1 and GP-K005338, Thamar University, Yemen and QNRF, Qatar, under project no. NPRP6-931-2-382. We thank the referee for the comments that improved the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Department, Faculty of Education, Thamar University, 87246, Thamar, Republic of Yemen

    Nabil A. A. Yahya & R. Al-Gaashani

  2. Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar

    R. Al-Gaashani

  3. School of Applied Physics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

    R. Abd-Shukor

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  1. Nabil A. A. Yahya
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  2. R. Al-Gaashani
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  3. R. Abd-Shukor
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Correspondence to R. Abd-Shukor.

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Yahya, N.A.A., Al-Gaashani, R. & Abd-Shukor, R. Synthesis and characterization of PbO–CdO nanocomposite and its effect on (Bi,Pb)-2223 superconductor. Appl. Phys. A 123, 168 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-017-0780-1

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