Abstract
We examine the effects of the synchronized delivery of multiple Er:YAG-laser pulses during vapor-bubble oscillations into water. For this purpose, we used a laser beam transmission probe that enables monitoring of the bubble’s dynamics from a single shot. To overcome the main drawbacks of this technique, we propose and develop an appropriate and robust calibration by simultaneous employment of shadow photography. By using the developed experimental method, we show that the resonance effect is obtained when the second laser pulse is delivered at the end or slightly after the first bubble’s collapse. In this case, the resonance effect increases the mechanical energy of the secondary bubble’s oscillations and prolongs their duration. The presented laser method for synchronized delivery of Er:YAG-laser pulses during bubble oscillations has great potential for further improvement of laser endodontic treatment, especially upon their safety and efficiency.
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Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Fotona, d.d for supplying their commercially available laser system for laser cleaning root canals in clinical dental applications. The authors acknowledge the financial support from the state budget by the Slovenian Research Agency (Programmes No. P2-0392 and P2-0270).
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Gregorčič, P., Lukač, N., Možina, J. et al. Synchronized delivery of Er:YAG-laser pulses into water studied by a laser beam transmission probe for enhanced endodontic treatment. Appl. Phys. A 122, 459 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-9970-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-9970-5