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Graphitization wave in diamond bulk induced by ultrashort laser pulses

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Abstract

Multi-pulse laser irradiation of diamond bulk after the optical breakdown causes extension of continuous graphitized region toward the laser beam that can be described as propagation of a “graphitization wave.” Velocity of the graphitization wave in single-crystal diamond is measured experimentally as a function of local laser fluence for a few numerical apertures (NA = 0.36–0.09), pulsewidths (140 fs–5 ps), and beam orientations (along [110] or [100] diamond axes). The experimental results are used to develop the model of the crack-assisted thermal graphitization of diamond at the boundary of the laser-modified region. Velocity of the graphitization wave is determined in general case by diffusion of heat from the light-absorbing modified region. The revealed rise in the graphitization wave velocity for the [110] beam orientation can be explained by the local electric field enhancement near the crack tip, which facilitates diamond ionization and plasma-assisted energy absorption. The proposed model predicts a specific internal structure of the laser-modified region: the network of graphitic inclusions with diamond-filled gaps between them.

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Acknowledgments

The experimental part of the work was supported by the Russian Foundation of Basic Research (Grant 13-02-12068); the modeling was done in the frame of Russian Scientific Foundation Grant 14-22-00243.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Natural Sciences Center, General Physics Institute, Vavilov Str. 38, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    T. V. Kononenko, E. V. Zavedeev, V. V. Kononenko & V. I. Konov

  2. National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Kashirskoye Shosse 31, 115409, Moscow, Russia

    T. V. Kononenko, E. V. Zavedeev, V. V. Kononenko, K. K. Ashikkalieva & V. I. Konov

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  1. T. V. Kononenko
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  2. E. V. Zavedeev
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  3. V. V. Kononenko
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  5. V. I. Konov
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Correspondence to T. V. Kononenko.

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Kononenko, T.V., Zavedeev, E.V., Kononenko, V.V. et al. Graphitization wave in diamond bulk induced by ultrashort laser pulses. Appl. Phys. A 119, 405–414 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-015-9109-0

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