Abstract
A new experimental setup for photoelectron spectroscopy of size-selected cluster ions using synchrotron VUV radiation as generated by the Swiss Light Source is presented. An intense positively charged cluster ion beam is produced in a high-intensity magnetron sputter source. The clusters are subsequently mass selected in a sector magnet. To maximize the residence time of the cluster ions in the ionization region of the velocity map imaging spectrometer, the cluster ion beam is decelerated where it crosses the light beam. First experiments on (MoO3) + n (n = 69 and 59) cluster cations show that the approach is capable of delivering photoelectron spectra of size-selected transition metal cluster ions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Hüfner, Photoelectron Spectroscopy (Springer, 2003)
R.L. Johnston, Atomic and Molecular Clusters (Taylor and Francis, 2002)
C. Zhang, T. Andersson, O. Björneholm, X. Xiaojun, M. Tchaplyguine, Z. Liu, J. Phys. Chem. C 117, 14390 (2013)
L. Partanen, M.-H. Mikkelä, M. Huttula, M. Tchaplyguine, C. Zhang, T. Andersson, O. Björneholm, J. Chem. Phys. 138, 044301 (2013)
W. Xiong, D.D. Hickstein, K.J. Schnitzenbaumer, J.L. Ellis, B.B. Palm, K.E. Keister, C. Ding, L. Miaja-Avila, G. Dukovic, J.L. Jimenez, M.M. Murnane, H.C. Kapteyn, Nano Lett. 13, 2924–2930 (2013)
U. Landman, B. Yoon, C. Zhang, U. Heiz, M. Arenz, Top. Catal. 44, 145 (2007)
C. Nitsch, C.P. Schulz, A. Gerber, W. Zimmermann-Edling, I.V. Hertel, Z. Phys. D 22, 651–658 (1992)
V. Stert, W. Radloff, Th Freudenberg, F. Noack, I.V. Hertel, C. Jouvet, C. Dedonder-Lardeux, D. Solgadi, Europhys. Lett. 40(5), 515–520 (1997)
L. Cordis, G. Ganteför, J. Hesslich, A. Ding, Z. Phys. D 3, 323–327 (1986)
J. Ho, K.M. Ervin, W.C. Lineberger, J. Chem. Phys. 93, 6987 (1990)
S.H. Young, C.L. Pettiette, J. Conceicao, O. Cheshnovsky, R.E. Smalley, Chem. Phys. Lett. 139, 233 (1987)
G. Ganteför, K.H. Meiwes-Broer, H.O. Lutz, Phys. Rev. A 37, 2716–2718 (1988)
J.V. Coe, J.T. Snodgrass, C.B. Freidhoff, K.M. McHugh, K.H. Bowen, J. Chem. Phys. 83, 3169 (1985)
M. Astruc Hoffmann, G. Wrigge, B. Issendorf, J. Müller, G. Ganteför, H. Haberland, Eur. Phys. J. D 16, 9 (2001)
J. Li, X. Li, H.J. Zhai, L.-S. Wang, Science 299, 864 (2003)
H.J. Zhai, X. Huang, T. Waters, X.B. Wang, R.A.J. O’Hair, A.G. Webb, L.S. Wang, J. Phys. Chem. A 109, 10512 (2005)
M. Willis, M. Götz, A.K. Kandalam, G.F. Ganteför, P. Jena, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49, 8966 (2010)
J. Yang, X.-B. Wang, X.-P. Xing, L.-S. Wang, J. Chem. Phys. 128, 201102 (2008)
V. Senz, T. Fischer, P. Oelßner, J. Tiggesbäumker, J. Stanzel, C. Bostedt, H. Thomas, M. Schöffler, L. Foucar, M. Martins, J. Neville, M. Neeb, Th Möller, W. Wurth, E. Rühl, R. Dörner, H. Schmidt-Böcking, W. Eberhardt, G. Ganteför, R. Treusch, P. Radcliffe, K.-H. Meiwes-Broer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 138303 (2009)
J. Bahn, P. Oelßner, M. Köther, C. Braun, V. Senz, S. Palutke, M. Martins, E. Rühl, G. Ganteför, T. Möller, B. von Issendorff, D. Bauer, J. Tiggesbäumker, K.-H. Meiwes-Broer, New J. Phys. 14, 075008 (2012)
M. Johnson, A. Bodi, L. Schulz, T. Gerber, Nucl Instr Methods Phys Res A 610, 597–603 (2009)
L. Nahon, N. de Oliveira, G.A. Garcia, J.-F. Gil, B. Pilette, O. Marcouillé, B. Lagarde, F. Polack, J. Synchrotron Radiat. 19(4), 508 (2012)
W. T. Silfvast, Laser fundamentals (Cambridge, 2004)
J.T. Lau, K. Hirsch, Ph. Klar, A. Langenberg, F. Lofink, R. Richter, J. Rittmann, M. Vogel, V. Zamudio-Bayer, T. Möller, B. von Issendorff, Phys. Rev. A 79, 053201 (2009)
M. Vogel, C. Kasigkeit, K. Hirsch, A. Langenberg, J. Rittmann, V. Zamudio-Bayer, A. Kulesza, R. Mitri´c, T. Möller, B. von Issendorff, J.T. Lau, Phys. Rev. B 85, 195454 (2012)
S. Peredkov, M. Neeb, W. Eberhardt, J. Meyer, M. Tombers, H. Kampschulte, G. Niedner-Schatteburg, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 233401 (2011)
S. Peters, S. Peredkov, M. Neeb, W. Eberhardt, M. Al-Hada, Surf. Sci. 608, 129–134 (2003)
A. Bodi, P. Hemberger, T. Gerber, B. Sztáray, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 083105 (2012)
H. Haberland, M. Mall, M. Moseler, Y. Qiang, Th Reiners, Y. Thurner, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 12, 2925 (1994)
C. Bartels, C. Hock, J. Huwer, R. Kuhnen, J. Schwöbel, B. von Issendorff, Science 323, 1323 (2009)
C. Bartels, Ph.D. thesis, University of Freiburg, 2008
J. Berkowitz, Photoabsorption, photoionization, and photoelectron spectroscopy, (Academic Press, 1979), p 384
V. Dribinski, A. Ossadtchi, V.A. Mandelshtam, H. Reisler, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 73, 2634 (2002)
Thomas Gerber, Yuzhu Liu, Gregor Knopp, Patrick Hemberger, Andras Bodi, Peter Radi, Yaroslav Sych, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 033101 (2013)
F. Werfel, E. Minni, J. Phys. C 16, 6091 (1986)
T.S. Sian, G.B. Reddy, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 82, 375–386 (2004)
W.A. de Heer, Rev. Mod. Phys. 65, 611 (1993)
G. Wrigge, M. Astruc Hoffmann, B. von Issendorff, H. Haberland, Eur. Phys. J. D 24, 23–26 (2003)
Acknowledgments
The support by German Research Foundation (DFG Grant No. GA 389/22-1) is gratefully acknowledged. The photoionization experiments were carried out at the VUV beamline of the Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute. A.B., P.H., and T.G. acknowledge funding by the Swiss Federal Office for Energy (BFE Contract Number 101969/152433).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schramm, T., Ganteför, G., Bodi, A. et al. Photoelectron spectroscopy of size-selected cluster ions using synchrotron radiation. Appl. Phys. A 115, 771–779 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8434-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8434-z