Abstract
The Raman spectrum of Si nanowires (NWs) is a matter of controversy. Usually, the one-phonon band appears broadened and shifted. This behaviour is interpreted in terms of phonon confinement; however, similar effects are observed for NWs with dimensions for which phonon confinement does not play any relevant role. In this context, the temperature increase induced by the laser beam is recognized to play a capital role in the shape of the spectrum. The analysis of the Raman spectrum, under the influence of the heating induced by the laser beam, is strongly dependent on the excitation conditions and the properties of the NWs. We present herein an analysis of the Raman spectrum of Si NWs based on a study of the interaction between the laser beam and the NWs, for both ensembles of NWs and individual NWs, taking account of the temperature increase in the NWs under the focused laser beam and the dimensions of the NWs.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Y. Cui, C.M. Lieber, Science 291, 851 (2001)
H. Scheel, S. Reich, A.C. Ferrari, M. Cantoro, A. Colli, C. Thomsen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 233114 (2006)
S. Bhattacharya, S. Samui, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1564 (2004)
S.R. Gupta, Q. Xiong, C.K. Adu, U.J. Kim, P.C. Eklund, Nano Lett. 3, 627 (2003)
K.W. Adu, H.R. Gutiérrez, U.J. Kim, P.C. Eklund, Phys. Rev. B 73, 155333 (2006)
J. Anaya, A. Torres, A. Martín-Martín, J. Souto, J. Jiménez, A. Rodríguez, T. Rodríguez, Appl. Phys. A (2012). doi:10.1007/s00339-012-7509-y
A. Torres, A. Martín-Martín, O. Martínez, A.C. Prieto, V. Hortelano, J. Jiménez, A. Rodríguez, J. Sangrador, T. Rodríguez, Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 011904 (2010)
H. Richter, Z.P. Wang, L. Ley, Solid State Commun. 39, 625 (1981)
I.H. Campbell, P.M. Fauchet, Solid State Commun. 58, 739 (1986)
Y. Xiang, I. Zardo, L.I. Cao, T. Garma, M. Heilb, J.R. Morante, J. Arbiol, M.L. Brongersma, A. Fontcuberta, I. Morral, Nanotechnology 21, 105703 (2010)
L. Zhang, W. Ding, Y. Yan, J. Qu, B. Li, L.-Y. Li, K.T. Yue, D.P. Yu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4446 (2002)
L. Cao, P. Fan, A.P. Vasudev, J.S. White, Z. Yu, W. Cai, J.A. Schuller, S. Fan, M.L. Brongersma, Nano Lett. 10, 439 (2010)
A.I. Hochbaum, R. Chen, R.D. Delgado, W. Liang, E.C. Garnett, M. Najarian, A. Majumdar, P. Yang, Nature 451, 163 (2008)
J. Jiménez, I. de Wolf, J.P. Landesman, in Microprobe Characterization of Semiconductors, ed. by J.H. Jiménez. Optoelectron Prop. Semicond. Superlattices, vol. 17 (Taylor and Francis, New York, 2002). Chap. 2
G.S. Doerk, C. Carraro, R. Maboudian, Phys. Rev. B 80, 073306 (2009)
H.H. Burke, I.P. Herman, Phys. Rev. B 48, 15016 (1993)
G. Nilsson, G. Nelin, Phys. Rev. B 6, 3777 (1972)
G.S. Doerk, C. Carraro, R. Maboudian, ACS Nano 4, 4908 (2010)
M. Soini, I. Zardo, E. Uccelli, S. Funk, G. Koblmuller, A. Fontcuberta, G. Abstreiter, Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 263107 (2010)
J. Menendez, M. Cardona, Phys. Rev. B 29, 2051 (1984)
H. Kallel, A. Arbouet, G. BenAssayag, A. Chenhaidar, A. Polié, B. Salem, T. Baron, V. Pailland, Phys. Rev. B 86, 085318 (2012)
Acknowledgements
This work was funded by the Spanish Government (MAT-2007-66181-C03 and MAT-2010-20441-C02) and by Junta de Castilla y León (VA051A06-GR202).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Anaya, J., Torres, A., Hortelano, V. et al. Raman spectrum of Si nanowires: temperature and phonon confinement effects. Appl. Phys. A 114, 1321–1331 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-7966-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-7966-y