Abstract
The electronic Grüneisen parameter, γ e , is a fundamental parameter characterizing the relationship between thermal expansion and electronic specific heat. Conventionally, γ e is measured at low temperatures for minimizing the lattice contribution to thermal expansion. In this paper, we extract γ e by separating the electron and lattice contributions in time domain using ultrashort pulse excitation. We show that γ e cannot be considered as a constant during the electron-lattice thermal nonequilibrium state. Instead, a revised expression for γ e is proposed for the non-equilibrium electron–phonon system.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge L. Novotny for assistance with experimental samples. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
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Wang, J., Guo, C. Non-equilibrium electronic Grüneisen parameter. Appl. Phys. A 111, 273–277 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-012-7488-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-012-7488-z