Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Morphological evolution of thin gold films studied by Auger electron spectroscopy in beading conditions

  • Published:
Applied Physics A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The evolution of thin gold films deposited on a sapphire surface was studied in UHV using Auger electron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques. The annealing temperatures were in the range 573–843 K. Starting from a continuous film, we observed at the end of the process a collection of beads. The incubation time in this temperature range was negligible, while the agglomeration time varied from about 2 h at 573 K to a few minutes at 843 K. The kinetics of metal agglomeration allowed the evaluation of the surface self diffusion coefficients of gold which can be expressed by

Ds(m2/s)(573–843 K)=

3×10-11exp[-62±8(kJ/mol)/RT] .

These results are in reasonable agreement with other published data. This method provides a framework for the evaluation of surface diffusion parameters of other metals.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. G. Erdélyi, M. Barkóczi, E. Moya, H. Giordano, I. Beszeda, B. Aufray, D.L. Beke: J. Appl. Phys. 80, 1474 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. I. Beszeda, B. Ealet, E. Gontier-Moya, D.L. Beke, G. Erdélyi: Appl. Phys. A 66, 93 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. A. Imre, E. Gontier-Moya, D.L. Beke, B. Ealet: Appl. Phys. A 67, 469 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Imre, E. Gontier-Moya, D.L. Beke, I.A. Szabó, G. Erdélyi: Surf. Sci. 441, 133 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Imre, D.L. Beke, E. Gontier-Moya, I.A. Szabó, E. Gillet: Appl. Phys. A 71, 19 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. M.L. Gimpl, A.D. McMaster, N. Fuschillo: J. Appl. Phys. 35, 3572 (1964)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. L. Bachmann, D.L. Sawyer, B.M. Siegel: J. Appl. Phys. 36, 304 (1965)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. A.E.B. Presland, G.L. Price, D.L. Trimm: Surf. Sci. 29, 435 (1972)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. C.M. Kennefick, R. Raj: Acta Metall. 37, 2947 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. E. Jiran, C.V. Thompson: J. Electron. Mater. 19, 1153 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. E. Jiran, C.V. Thompson: Thin Solid Films 208, 23 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. Z.G. Xiao, G.A. Rozgonyi, C.A. Canovai, C.M. Osburn: Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 202, 101 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. F. d’Heurle, L. Berenbaum, R. Rosenberg: Trans. AIME 242, 502 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  14. W.B. Pennebaker: IBM Report No. RC-2105 (1968)

  15. A.E.B. Presland, G.L. Price, D.L. Trimm: Surf. Sci. 29, 424 (1972)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. W.W. Mullins: J. Appl. Phys. 28, 333 (1957)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. R. Brandon, F. Bradshaw: Royal Aircraft Establishment Research Report No. 66095 (1966)

  18. D.J. Srolovitz, S.A. Safran: J. Appl. Phys. 60, 247 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. D.J. Srolovitz, S.A. Safran: J. Appl. Phys. 60, 255 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. M.S. McCallum, P.V. Voorhees, M.J. Miksis, S.H. Davis, H. Wong: J. Appl. Phys. 79, 7604 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. H. Wong, P.W. Voorhes, M.J. Miksis, S.H. Davis: J. Appl. Phys. 81, 6091 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. H. Wong, M.J. Miksis, P.W. Voorhees, S.H. Davis: Acta Mater. 45, 2477 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. H. Wong, P.W. Voorhees, M.J. Miksis, S.H. Davis: Acta Mater 48, 1719 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. I. Beszeda, I.A. Szabó, E.G. Gontier-Moya: Appl. Surf. Sci. 212–213, 787 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  25. H. Jones: Metal Sci. J. 5, 15 (1971)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. W.R. Tyson, W.A. Miller: Surf. Sci. 62, 267 (1977)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. J.M. Howe: Interfaces in Materials (Wiley, New York 1997) p. 497

  28. H. Mehrer, N. Stolica, N.A. Stolwijk: ‘Self Diffusion in Solid Metallic Elements’. In Landolt–Börnstein, New Series III/26, Diffusion in Solid Metals and Alloys, ed. by H. Mehrer (Springer–Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 1990) p. 32

  29. M. McLean, J.P. Hirth: Surf. Sci. 12, 177 (1968)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. M. Drechsler, J.J. Metois, J.C. Heyraud: Surf. Sci. 108, 549 (1981)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. T.S. Lin, Y.W. Chung: Surf. Sci. 207, 539 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. H. Göbel, P. von Blanckenhagen: Surf. Sci. 331–333, 885 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  33. D. Porath, E. Bar-Sadeh, M. Wolovelsky, A. Grayyevsky, Y. Goldstein, O. Millo: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 13, 1165 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. H.P. Bonzel: NATO ASI series B 86, 195 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  35. H.P. Bonzel: ’Surface Diffusion on Metals’. In: Landolt–Börnstein, New Series III/26, Diffusion in Solid Metals and Alloys, ed. by H. Mehrer (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 1990) p. 717

  36. E.G. Seebauer, C.E. Allen: ‘Surface Diffusion on Non-Metallic Solids’. In Landolt–Börnstein, New Series III/33, Diffusion in Non-Metallic Solids (part 1), ed. by D.L. Beke (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 1999) p. 12

  37. J. Philibert: Atom movements. ‘Diffusion and Mass Transport in Solids’. (Les Editions de Physique, Les Ulis 1991) p. 287

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Solid State Physics, University of Debrecen, 4010, Debrecen, Hungary

    I. Beszeda & I.A. Szabó

  2. L2MP, UMR CNRS 6137, Faculté des Sciences de St Jérôme, 13397, Marseille, France

    E.G. Gontier-Moya

Authors
  1. I. Beszeda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. I.A. Szabó
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. E.G. Gontier-Moya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to I. Beszeda.

Additional information

PACS

68.35.Fx; 68.55.-a; 68.60.Dv

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Beszeda, I., Szabó, I. & Gontier-Moya, E. Morphological evolution of thin gold films studied by Auger electron spectroscopy in beading conditions. Appl. Phys. A 78, 1079–1084 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-003-2170-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-003-2170-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation