Abstract
A general experimental design that allows mapping of a quantitative trait locus (QTL) into a 1-cM interval is presented. The design consists of a series of strains, termed “interval-specific congenic strains (ISCS)”. Each ISCS is recombinant at a specific 1-cM sub-interval out of an ordered set of sub-intervals, which together comprise a wider interval, to which a QTL was previously mapped. It is shown that a specific and previously detected QTL of moderate or even small effect can be accurately mapped into a 1-cM interval in a program involving a total of no more than 1000 individuals. Consequently, ISCS can serve as the ultimate genetic mapping procedure before the application of physical mapping tools for positional cloning of a QTL.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Breese EL, Mather K (1957) The organization of polygenic activity within a chromosome in Drosophila 1. Hair characters. Heredity 11, 373–395
Changjian J, Zeng ZB (1995) Multiple trait analysis of genetic mapping for quantitative trait loci. Genetics 140, 1111–1127
Darvasi A, Soller M (1994) Selective DNA pooling for determination of linkage between a molecular marker and a quantitative locus. Genetics 138, 1365–1373
Darvasi A, Soller M (1995) Advanced intercross lines, an experimental population for fine genetic mapping. Genetics 141, 1199–1207
Darvasi A, Soller M (1997) A simple method to calculate resolving power and confidence interval of QTL map location. Behavior Genetics (in press)
Darvasi A, Weinreb A, Minke V, Weller JI, Soller M (1993) Detecting marker-QTL linkage and estimating QTL gene effect and map location using a saturated genetic map. Genetics 134, 943–951
Davies RW (1971) The genetic relationship of two quantitative characters in D. melanogaster. II. Location of the effects. Genetics 69, 363–375
Demant P, Hart AAM (1986) Recombinant congenic strains—a new tool for analyzing genetic traits determined by more than one gene. Immunogenetics 24, 416–422
Eshed Y, Zamir D (1995) An introgression line population of Lycopersicon pennellii in the cultivated tomato enables the identification and fine mapping of yield-associated QTL. Genetics 141, 1147–1162
Flint J, Corley R, DeFries JC, Fulker DW, Gray JA, Miller S, Collins AC (1995) A simple genetic basis for a complex psychological trait in laboratory mice. Science 269, 1432–1435
Frankel WN, Johnson EW, Lutz CM (1995) Congenic strains reveal effects of the epilepsy quantitative trait locus, E12, separate from other El loci. Mamm Genome 6, 839–843
Haley CS, Knott SA (1992) A simple regression method for mapping quantitative loci in line crosses using flanking markers. Heredity 69, 315–324
Hilbert P, Lindpainter K, Beckmann JS, Serikawa T, Soubrier F, Dubay C, Cartwright P, De Gouyon B, Julier C, Takahashi S, Vincent M, Ganten D, Georges M, Lathrop GM (1991) Chromosomal mapping of two genetic loci associated with blood pressure regulation in hereditary hypertensive rats. Nature 353, 521–529
Jacob HJ, Lindpainter K, Lincoln SE, Kusumi K, Bunker RK, Mao YP, Ganten D, Dzau VJ, Lander ES (1991) Genetic mapping of a gene causing hypertension in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat. Cell 67, 213–224
Jansen RC (1993) Interval mapping of multiple quantitative trait loci. Genetics 135,205–211
Jansen RC, Stam P (1994) High resolution of quantitative traits into multiple loci via interval mapping. Genetics 136, 1447–1455
Jensen J (1989) Estimation of recombination parameters between a quantitative trait locus (QTL) and two marker loci. Theor Appl Genet 78, 613–618
Keightley PD, Bulfield G (1993) Detection of quantitative trait loci from frequency changes of marker alleles under selection. Genet Res 62, 195–203
Knapp SJ, Bridges WC (1990) Using molecular markers to estimate quantitative trait locus parameters: power and genetic variances for unreplicated and replicated progeny. Genetics 126, 769–777
Korol AB, Ronin YI, Kirzhner VM (1995) Interval mapping of quantitative trait loci employing correlated trait complexes. Genetics 140, 1137–1147
Lander ES, Botstein D (1989) Mapping Mendelian factors underlying quantitative traits using RFLP linkage maps. Genetics 121, 185–199
Morel L, Yu Y, Blenman KR, Caldwell RA, Wakeland EK (1996) Production of congenic mouse strains carrying genomic intervals containing SLE-susceptibility genes derived from the SLE-prone NZM2410 strain. Mamm Genome 7, 335–339
Nienhuis J, Helentjaris T, Slocum M, Ruggero B, Schaeffer A (1987). Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of loci associated with insect resistance in tomato. Crop Sci 27, 797–803
Paterson AH, Lander ES, Hewitt JD, Peterson S, Lincoln SE, Tanksley SD (1988) Resolution of quantitative traits into Mendelian factor by using a complete linkage map of restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Nature 335, 721–726
Paterson AH, DeVerna JW, Lanini B, Tanksley SD (1990) Fine mapping of quantitative trait loci using selected overlapping recombinant chromosomes, in an interspecies cross of tomato. Genetics 124, 735–742
Shrimpton AE, Robertson A (1988a) The isolation of polygenic factors controlling bristle score in Drosophila melanogaster. I. Allocation of third chromosome sternopleural bristle effects to chromosome sections. Genetics 118, 437–443
Shrimpton AE, Robertson A (1988b) The isolation of factors controlling bristle score in Drosophila melanogaster. II Distribution of third chromosome bristle effects within chromosome sections. Genetics 118, 445–459
Tanksley SD, Nelson JC (1996) Advanced backeross QTL analysis: a method for the simultaneous discovery and transfer of valuable QTLs from unadapted germplasm into elite breeding lines. Theor Appl Genet 92, 191–203
Tanksley SD, Ganal MW, Martin GB (1995) Chromosome landing: a paradigm for map-based gene cloning in plants with large genomes. Trends Genet 11, 63–68
Tanksley SD, Grandillo S, Fulton TM, Zamir D, Eshed Y, Petiard V, Lopez J, BeckBunn T (1996) Advanced backcross QTL analysis in a cross between an elite processing line of tomato and its wild relative L-pimpinellifolium. Theor Appl Genet 92, 213–224
Wehrhahn C, Allard RW (1965) The detection and measurement of the effects of individual genes involved in the inheritance of a quantitative character in wheat Genetics 51, 109–119
Weller JI (1986) Maximum likelihood techniques for the mapping and analysis of quantitative trait loci with the aid of genetic markers. Biometrics 42, 627–640
Weller JI, Soller M, Brody T (1988) Linkage analysis of quantitative traits in an interspecific cross tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum X Lycupersicon pimpinellifolium) by means of genetic markers. Genetics 118, 329–339
Yui MA, Muralidharan K, Moren-Altamirano B, Perrin G, Chestnut K, Wakeland EK (1996) Production of congenic mouse strains carrying NOD-derived diabetogenic genetic intervals: an approach for the genetic dissection of complex traits. Mamm Genome 7, 331–334
Zeng ZB (1993) Theoretical basis for separation of multiple linked gene effects in mapping quantitative trait loci. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90, 10972–10976
Zeng ZB (1994) Precision mapping of quantitative trait loci. Genetics 136, 1457–1468
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Darvasi, A. Interval-specific congenic strains (ISCS): An experimental design for mapping a QTL into a 1-centimorgan interval. Mammalian Genome 8, 163–167 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s003359900382
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s003359900382