Abstract
Objectives
The current study aimed to explore the moderating role of psychological resilience in the association between workload and depressive symptoms among radiology residents during standardized residency training (SRT) in China.
Methods
A nationwide cross-sectional online survey was conducted among radiology residents in China. Workload was measured by working hours per week and the frequency of frontline nightwork in the last month. Resilience was assessed by the 2-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. The hierarchical regression and simple slope analyses were performed to examine the moderating effect of resilience.
Results
Among 3666 radiology residents, the mean age was 27.3 years (SD = 2.6) and 58% were female. About 24.4% of the participants reported medium to severe depressive symptoms. The hierarchical regression showed that working hours (ba = 0.11, 95%CI: 0.08, 0.14) and having frontline nightwork more than once (ba = 1.22, 95%CI: 0.67, 1.78) were positively associated with depressive symptoms; the moderating effect of resilience was significant in the association of depressive symptoms with working hours (ba = − 0.02, 95%CI: − 0.03, − 0.01) and having frontline nightwork more than once (ba = − 0.28, 95%CI: − 0.49, − 0.07). The simple slope test showed the association between workload-related variables and depressive symptoms was only significant in those with a relatively lower level of resilience.
Conclusions
The study found that resilience was an important modifier buffering the positive association between workload and depressive symptoms among radiology residents in China. Future medical training programs are suggested to include effective intervention components to increase personal resilience.
Clinical relevance statement
Heavy workload in clinical setting may pose adverse effect on mental health and job performance of radiology residents. The study investigated whether psychological resilience would mitigate the association between workload and depressive symptoms among Chinese radiology residents.
Key Points
• Radiology residents with a heavier workload presented a higher level of depressive symptoms in China.
• Psychological resilience mitigated the positive association between workload and depressive symptoms.
• The association between workload and depressive symptoms was only statistically significant in radiology residents with a relatively lower level of resilience.
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Abbreviations
- CAR:
-
Chinese Association of Radiologists
- CD-RISC2:
-
2-Item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale
- CT:
-
Computed tomography
- DASS:
-
Depression Anxiety Stress Scales
- JD-R:
-
Job Demand Resource
- MR:
-
Magnetic resonance
- SRT:
-
Standardized residency training
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The scientific guarantor of this publication is Jiming Zhu.
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My co-authors and I have approved the manuscript for submission and do not have any competing interests to declare.
Statistics and biometry
No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.
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Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.
Oral informed consent was obtained from all participants in this study.
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Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.
Study subjects or cohorts overlap
The study subjects have been previously reported in “The satisfaction with radiology residency training in China: results of a nationwide survey,” which was published in Insights into Imaging in 2022 Dec. This published study involved 3666 participants. The research questions, main variables used, and analysis strategies were different between the previously published study and the current study.
Methodology
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retrospective
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cross-sectional study
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multicenter study
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Luo, S., Zhang, Y., Wang, P. et al. The moderating role of resilience in the association between workload and depressive symptoms among radiology residents in China: results from a nationwide cross-sectional study. Eur Radiol 34, 695–704 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-023-10021-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-023-10021-7