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Preoperative multiparametric MRI of the prostate for the prediction of lymph node metastases in prostate cancer patients treated with extended pelvic lymph node dissection

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Abstract

Objectives

To assess the role of preoperative multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) of the prostate in the prediction of nodal metastases in patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND).

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 101 patients who underwent both preoperative mpMRI of the prostate and RP with ePLND at our institution. For each patient, complete preoperative clinical data and tumour characteristics at mpMRI were recorded. Final histopathologic stage was considered the standard of reference. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.

Results

Nodal metastases were found in 23/101 (22.8%) patients. At univariate analyses, all clinical and radiological parameters were significantly associated to nodal invasion (all p<0.03); tumour volume at MRI (mrV), tumour ADC and tumour T-stage at MRI (mrT) were the most accurate predictors (AUC = 0.93, 0.86 and 0.84, respectively). A multivariate model including PSA levels, primary Gleason grade, mrT and mrV showed high predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.956). Observed prevalence of nodal metastases was very low among tumours with mrT2 stage and mrV<1cc (1.8%).

Conclusion

Preoperative mpMRI of the prostate can predict nodal metastases in prostate cancer patients, potentially allowing a better selection of candidates to ePLND.

Key points

• Multiparametric-MRI of the prostate can predict nodal metastases in prostate cancer

Tumour volume and stage at MRI are the most accurate predictors

Prevalence of nodal metastases is low for T2-stage and <1cc tumours

Preoperative mpMRI may allow a better selection of candidates to lymphadenectomy

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Abbreviations

PCa:

Prostate Cancer

mpMRI:

Multi-parametric MRI

RP:

Radical Prostatectomy

ePLND:

Extended Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection

LN:

Lymph Node

N-staging:

Lymph Node Staging

mrT-stage:

T-stage at MRI

mrV:

Tumour Volume at MRI

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Funding

The authors state that this work has not received any funding.

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Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Giorgio Brembilla.

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Guarantor

The scientific guarantor of this publication is Francesco De Cobelli, M.D.

Conflict of interest

The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.

Statistics and biometry

Alessandro Ambrosi Ph.D. kindly provided statistical advice for this manuscript, and is one of the authors.

Informed consent

Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects (patients) in this study.

Ethical approval

Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.

Methodology

• retrospective

• observational

• performed at one institution

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Brembilla, G., Dell’Oglio, P., Stabile, A. et al. Preoperative multiparametric MRI of the prostate for the prediction of lymph node metastases in prostate cancer patients treated with extended pelvic lymph node dissection. Eur Radiol 28, 1969–1976 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-5229-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-5229-6

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