Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the up- and download performance of an image Web system (IWS) during simultaneous up- and download procedures. Following preparatory tests, the upload capacity (UC) with and without simultaneous download and the time-to-display (TTD) with and without simultaneous upload were determined for different image, server and compression types, and with up to 16 concurrent clients. The UC varied between 1.7–5.5 Gigabyte per hour (GB/h) and was slightly influenced by a simultaneous download; however, the TTDs were substantially prolonged during an upload and only below 5 s with up to four to six concurrent clients. The choice of image and server type had a strong impact on UC and TTD. Lossy primary compression proved slightly superior. An effective UC of approximately 4.0 GB/h or 96 Gigabyte per day (GB/day) can be achieved, which appears suitable even for large institutions. Because of its substantial influence on UC and TTD during simultaneous up- and download, the server hardware should be equipped with two processors and 1 GB RAM. Lossy primary compression may be used with slight performance benefits when full-resolution images are not required. The upload is a time-demanding process, and it is possible that during peak hours the waiting times are unacceptable for clinicians.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.






References
Kotter E, Langer M (1998) Integrating HIS-RIS-PACS: the Freiburg experience. Eur Radiol 8:1707–1718
Bick U, Lenzen H (1999) PACS: the silent revolution. Eur Radiol 9:1152–1160
Ratib O, Ligier Y, Bandon D, Valentino D (2000) Update on digital image management and PACS. Abdom Imaging 25:333–340
Bennett WF, Tunstall KM, Skinner PW, Spigos DG (2002) Delivering images to the operating room: a Web-based solution. J Digit Imaging 15:137–139
Bennett WF, Spigos DG, Tzalonikou MT, Terrell JE, Augustyn MA (1999) Web-based viewing of picture archiving and communications systems images. Part I: optimal personal computer configuration. J Digit Imaging 12:112–115
Bennett WF, Spigos DG, Tzalonikou MT, Terrell JE, Augustyn MA (1999) Web-based viewing of picture archiving and communications systems images. Part II: the effect of compression on speed of transmission. J Digit Imaging 12:116–118
Bergh B, Pietsch M, Schlaefke A, Vogl TJ (2003) Performance of web-based image distribution: client oriented measurements. Eur Radiol 13:2161–2169
Bergh B, Pietsch M, Schlaefke A, Garcia I, Vogl TJ (2003) Performance of web-based image distribution: server oriented measurements. Eur Radiol DOI 10.1007/s00330-003-1880-1
Bellon E, Wauters J, Fernandez-Bayo J, Feron M, Verstreken K, Van Cleynenbreugel J, Van den Bosch B, Desmaret M, Marchal G, Suetens P (1997) Using WWW and JAVA for image access and interactive viewing in an integrated PACS. Med Inform 22:291–300
Fernandez-Bayo J, Barbero O, Rubies C, Sentis M, Donoso L (2000) Distributing medical images with internet technologies: a DICOM web server and a DICOM java viewer. Radiographics 20:581–590
Schomer DF, Elekes AA, Hazle JD, Huffman JC, Thompson SK, Chui CK, Murphy WA (1998) Introduction to wavelet-based compression of medical images. Radiographics 18:469–481
Mildenberger P, Eichelberg M, Martin E (2002) Introduction to the DICOM standard. Eur Radiol 12:920–927
Foord K (2001) Year 2000: status of picture archiving and digital imaging in European hospitals. Eur Radiol 11:513–524
Frund R, Techert J, Strotzer M, Borner W, Tsakpinis A, Feuerbach S (2001) The PACS concept of the University of Regensburg. Rofo Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Neuen Bildgeb Verfahr 173:362–367
Bandon D, Ligier Y, Trayser G, Girard C, Logean M, Ratib O (1998) A hospital-wide distributed PACS based on intranet. Medinfo 9:1075–1079
Foord KD (1999) PACS workstation respecification: display, data flow, system integration, and environmental issues, derived from analysis of the Conquest Hospital pre-DICOM PACS experience. Eur Radiol 9:1161–1169
Sung MM, Kim HJ, Yoo SK, Choi BW, Nam JE, Kim HS, Lee JH, Yoo HS (2002) Clinical evaluation of compression ratios using JPEG2000 on computed radiography chest images. J Digit Imaging 15:78–83
Melson DL, Moore SM, Blaine JG, Clark KW, Sadhra S, Blume H (2002) Challenges in image acquisition and distribution for clinical image service. J Digit Imaging 15:144–150
Tamm EP, Thompson S, Venable SL, McEnery K (2002) Impact of multislice CT on PACS resources. J Digit Imaging 15:96–101
Parisi SB, Mogel GT, Dominguez R, Dao H, Cramer TJ (1998) The effect of 10:1 compression and soft copy interpretation on the chest radiographs of premature neonates with reference to their possible application in teleradiology. Eur Radiol 8:141–143
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bergh, B., Pietsch, M., Schlaefke, A. et al. Upload capacity and time-to-display of an image Web system during simultaneous up- and download processes. Eur Radiol 14, 526–533 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-003-2059-5
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-003-2059-5
Keywords
- Web-based image distribution
- Internet technology
- World Wide Web
- Picture archiving and communications systems
- Image compression