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Vertical distribution of pelagic polychaetes in the Bransfield Strait and northwestern Weddell Sea in austral summer of 2022

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Abstract

Despite the wide distribution of holopelagic polychaetes, very little is known about their ecology and role in communities, particularly their vertical patterns. Data on pelagic polychaetes from the Southern Ocean are especially scarce. The aim of our study was to address both issues. The pelagic polychaete taxocene was sampled at 30 stations in the West Antarctic with different gears. A 5-net Multinet was used at 18 stations to study vertical structure; qualitative gears with large mouth areas were used at all stations to obtain more complete faunistic information. The horizontal distribution of polychaetes had no correlation with water masses and was likely driven by seasonal succession. Although four groups of species were distinguished by the differences in their vertical distribution patterns, their common (and most notable) property was their complete absence in the uppermost water layer, down to the depth of 50–100 m. This layer corresponded to the chlorophyll a maximum. Based on the relation between the pelagic polychaete distribution and the dominant phytoplankton species group, we consider the latter to be one of the main drivers of this pattern. Vertical profiles of polychaete abundance and species number at deep-water stations had relatively uniform shapes. At the same time, vertical profile shapes in shallow waters varied greatly, apparently reflecting the more diverse conditions and finer scale heterogeneity of the neritic zone environment.

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Data availability

Primary quantitative data are provided in Online Resource 1. Other datasets generated during this study are available from the corresponding author on request.

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Acknowledgements

We express our deep gratitude to the team of the R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh for their work and assistance, to D.I. Frey and V.A. Krechik (Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of RAS) for their discussion on the manuscript, and to the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable input.

Funding

This work was carried out within the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Theme No. FMWE-2022-0001). Oceanographic data analysis performed by SAO was supported by the Russian Science Foundation Grant No 22-77-10004.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    Vitaly L. Syomin, Sofia A. Ostroumova, Philipp V. Sapozhnikov, Olga Yu. Kalinina & Alexey V. Mishin

  2. N.A. Pertsov White Sea Biological Station, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    Glafira D. Kolbasova

  3. Russian State Hydrometeorological University, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Sofia A. Ostroumova

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  1. Vitaly L. Syomin
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  2. Glafira D. Kolbasova
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Contributions

All authors contributed equally to field data collection and review and editing of the original manuscript draft. VLS designed the study conception, performed samples processing, completed the formal analysis and wrote the original draft of the manuscript. GDK performed samples processing and analysed the biological data. SAO processed and analysed the oceanographic data. OYK performed sampling and primary processing of phytoplankton onboard the vessel. PVS performed processing of phytoplankton samples onshore. AVM performed samples processing and carried out project administration. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Vitaly L. Syomin or Glafira D. Kolbasova.

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Syomin, V.L., Kolbasova, G.D., Ostroumova, S.A. et al. Vertical distribution of pelagic polychaetes in the Bransfield Strait and northwestern Weddell Sea in austral summer of 2022. Polar Biol 46, 971–992 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-023-03177-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-023-03177-x

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