Abstract
Catalases are key antioxidant enzymes in aerobic organisms, including fungi that mitigate oxidative stress by detoxification of cellular hydrogen peroxide. Filamentous fungi possess an increasing number of catalases that have been object of growing interest. Despite the many studies on catalase enzymes, data on cold-active catalases are extremely scarce. The Antarctic strain Penicillium griseofulvum is a producer of a cold-active catalase. The growth at temperature below optimum lead to enhanced enzyme synthesis as a response to low-temperature induced oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to detect and sequence the catalase genes present in the P. griseofulvum P29 and to determine whether these genes are associated with cell survival at low temperatures. In addition, the expression level of each of them under cold stress was investigated. Using PCR and sequencing the presence of five catalase genes was evaluated. The expression levels of these fungal catalases were quantified with reverse-transcription Quantitative Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR). The results demonstrated that four of the genes were induced by low temperature as a response to oxidative stress. The most pronounced increase in the expression of the gene cat1, encoding catalase-peroxidase enzyme was measured. The present evidence suggested that these four genes and mainly cat1 are involved in the mechanism enables the growth of P. griseofulvum P29 under conditions of oxidative stress induced by low-temperature.
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All sequences obtained in this study were deposited in the public Genbank database under the respective numbers described in the article.
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This work was financially supported by Grant DN‐01/1‐2016 at Bulgarian National Science Fund to which we extend our sincere thanks. We are sincerely thankful Prof. David Pearce for his significant contribution to the improvement of the manuscript.
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EK, MA and GS conceived and designed research. VD, JM, NK and RA conducted strain cultivation experiments. GS created primers and conducted genetic experiments. GS and EK analyzed data and wrote the manuscript. MA provided great input into the improvement of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Stoyancheva, G., Dishliyska, V., Miteva‐Staleva, J. et al. Sequencing and gene expression analysis of catalase genes in Antarctic fungal strain Penicillium griseofulvum P29. Polar Biol 45, 437–447 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-021-03001-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-021-03001-4