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Phytoplankton succession during a massive coastal diatom bloom at Marian Cove, King George Island, Antarctica

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Abstract

To understand the community structure and the functional dynamics of phytoplankton over the long term, it is essential to identify rapid changes in the properties of Antarctic phytoplankton communities in relation to ongoing changes in environmental factors due to climate change. This study investigated short-term variability in the phytoplankton biomass and its composition over the summer of 2010 when the sea surface temperature was lowest and chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentrations were the highest, relative to a 15-year monitoring period (1996–2011). We assessed the intraseasonal variability of the phytoplankton assemblage structure and its synchrony with changes in the main environmental variables in Marian Cove of King George Island, Antarctica. Chlorophyll-a concentrations in summer 2010 (January–February) were significantly higher (up to 24 μg L−1) when the high phytoplankton carbon biomass (603 μg C L−1) was dominated by the sympagic diatom Navicula glaciei, the benthic diatoms Licmophora belgicae and Fragilaria striatula, the planktonic diatoms Thalassiosira antarctica and Thalassiosira spp. (cell size < 10 μm), and the Haptophyceae nanoplanktonic cells of Phaeocystis antarctica. Intraseasonal processes such as easterly winds direction on Maxwell Bay appeared to be the main factors affecting the advection of cold, nutrient-rich waters, and water stability that enhanced phytoplankton growth in Marian Cove.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Korea Polar Research Institute poject (KOPRI; PE 21110 & PE21170). J.L. Iriarte was partially supported by program FONDAP-IDEAL 15150003. We thank to Dr. María Vernet and two anonymous reviewers for providing constructive comments    and suggestions that improved substantially the original version of the manuscript.

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  1. Division of Polar Ocean Science, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, South Korea

    Misa Jeon, Eun Jin Yang, Sung-Ho Kang, Youngju Lee, Hyoung Min Joo, In-Young Ahn & Jisoo Park

  2. Research Center FONDAP IDEAL, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Puerto Montt-Punta Arenas, Chile

    José Luis Iriarte

  3. Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea

    Gi-Sik Min

  4. Division of Polar Climate Science, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, South Korea

    Sang-Jong Park

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  1. Misa Jeon
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MJ, EJY, SHK, and JLI wrote the manuscript. MJ, EJY, SHK, IYA, GSM, and SJP participated in discussions about the manuscript. MJ, EJY, and JP revised the manuscript. MJ, YL, HMJ, and JLI analyzed the data sets. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Jeon, M., Iriarte, J.L., Yang, E.J. et al. Phytoplankton succession during a massive coastal diatom bloom at Marian Cove, King George Island, Antarctica. Polar Biol 44, 1993–2010 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-021-02933-1

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