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Fatty acid biomarkers in three species inhabiting a high latitude Patagonian fjord (Yendegaia Fjord, Chile)

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Abstract

The study of fatty acid biomarkers in trophic structures at sub-polar latitudes is fundamental in describing energy fluxes across ecosystems characterized by complex inter-specific interactions. Due to the presence of certain essential fatty acids obtained exclusively from predator–prey interactions, fatty acid biomarkers are widely used to identify trophic interactions. This study analyzed fatty acid compositions in three species inhabiting a relatively pristine Patagonian fjord. This fjord is geographically difficult to access, so there are very little sampling opportunities, biological and oceanographic information. In the three species collected (Ctenodiscus australis (Loven in Lütken 1871) (Echinodermata, Asteroidea, Ctenodiscidae); Munida gregaria (Fabricius 1793) (Arthropoda, Malacostraca, Munididae); Eleginops maclovinus (Cuvier 1830) (Chordata, Actinopterygii, Eleginopsidae)) along this remote area were evaluated their fatty acid trophic markers as a tool to differentiate dietary components and dietary habits. The study reported significant differences in the amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), with the highest concentrations of all fatty acids in M. gregaria. The last suggests that M. gregaria is considered as a good quality food source or biological component that might support the fjord trophic web in the Southern Hemisphere. The results describe diet compositions in sampled species, and differences among species for fatty acid compositions and proportions. This provides an initial basis for future modeling or projecting how benthic ecosystems of fjords and Patagonian channels respond to food intake, particularly in environments associated with glacial systems characterized by a low phytoplankton biomass and greater sensitivity to climate variability.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the UCSC Hydrobiological Resources Laboratory, especially Fabián Guzmán, for all his support during the development of this research. We would like to thank the Laboratory of Environmental Sciences (Labensci), especially Eduardo Tejos for his excellent work and unconditional help. We would like to thank the referee Claudia Andrade for the helpful comments to improve the manuscript. Thanks are due to the CIBAS project (CIBAS2017-4) “Disentangle trophic levels in a glacial Chilean Patagonian fjord (Channel Martinez), combining fatty acids and stable isotope analysis of key organisms living in a remote estuarine ecosystem” for funding and to the CONICYT-FONDECYT Project Nº 1190398 (SC) and BMBF Nº 180034 (AU) for inputs, material and laboratory assistance. We acknowledge the Chilean Antarctic Institute (INACH) for provide the L/C Karpuj for an exploratory research campaign on Yendegaia fjord during January 2017 that allowed to collect of sediment and macrofauna.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Casilla 297, Concepción, Chile

    Paula A. Ruiz-Ruiz & Ángel Urzúa

  2. Programa de Magíster en Ecología Marina, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile

    Paula A. Ruiz-Ruiz

  3. Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile

    Paula A. Ruiz-Ruiz, Sergio Contreras & Ángel Urzúa

  4. Departamento de Química Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Casilla 297, Concepción, Chile

    Sergio Contreras

  5. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (PUCV), Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Valparaíso, Chile

    Eduardo Quiroga

  6. Instituto Antártico Chileno (INACH), Plaza Muñoz Gamero 1055, Punta Arenas, Chile

    Lorena Rebolledo

  7. Centro de Investigación Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile

    Lorena Rebolledo

Authors
  1. Paula A. Ruiz-Ruiz
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  2. Sergio Contreras
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  3. Ángel Urzúa
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  4. Eduardo Quiroga
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  5. Lorena Rebolledo
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Contributions

EQ, SC and AU conceived and designed research. EQ and LR conducted the field work. PR conducted the laboratory analysis. SC and AU contributed new reagents or analytical tools. PR analyzed data. PR, SC and AU wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sergio Contreras.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The analyses and experiments comply with the ethical approval and the current Chilean animal care and manipulation legislation.

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Ruiz-Ruiz, P.A., Contreras, S., Urzúa, Á. et al. Fatty acid biomarkers in three species inhabiting a high latitude Patagonian fjord (Yendegaia Fjord, Chile). Polar Biol 44, 147–162 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02788-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02788-y

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