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Comparing total mercury concentrations of northern Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma malma, in two Canadian Arctic rivers 1986–1988 and 2011–2013

Polar Biology volume 42, pages 865–876 (2019)Cite this article

Abstract

Given the importance of anadromous Northern Dolly Varden as a consumption staple for northern residents and the climate- and development-related impacts on total mercury (THg) concentrations, temporal changes in northern Dolly Varden THg concentrations were assessed between historical (1986–1988) and contemporary (2011–2013) periods from two rivers in the north-western Canadian Arctic. In the Rat River, mean THg changed from 79 ± 42 ng/g ww in 1986–1988 to 109 ± 44 ng/g ww in 2011–2013, while in the Firth River, THg changed from 126 ± 45 ng/g ww in 1986–1988 to 178 ± 47 ng/g ww in 2011–2012. Length adjusted values indicated increases in the Firth River were driven by the increased size of fish, but increases in the Rat River were not. After factoring in size, δ13C and δ15N, [THg] was found to be most influenced over time by fish size, but also significantly modified by temporal period and foodweb position. Relationships between log[THg] versus fork-length and log[THg] versus δ13C have remained constant over time in the Rat River, but not in the Firth River, while relationships between log[THg] versus δ15N have remained constant in the Firth River, but not in the Rat River. Changes in the significance and the slope of the relationships relating δ13C and δ15N to log[THg] suggests underlying bioaccumulative processes are temporally variant and will be sensitive to climate-driven changes in the aquatic environments within which fish live and feed.

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Acknowledgements

Financial support was provided by the Inuvialuit/Fisheries and Ocean Canada, Fisheries Joint Management Committee (FJMC) and an NSERC Discovery grants to M. Power. The authors thank Bob Fudge, Jim Johnson, Bill Macdonald, Steve Sandstrom, Parks Canada, and the Rat River Harvest Monitoring Program for aid in obtaining the northern Dolly Varden samples analyzed herein. Reviewer comments improved the manuscript, a service for which we are grateful. This research is an extension of that conducted under the Canadian International Polar Year Charrs and Climate Variability project (Reist and Power, PIs).

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  1. Nunavik Research Centre, Makivik Corporation, P.O. Box 179, Kuujjuaq, QC, J0M 1C0, Canada

    L. Tran

  2. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N6, Canada

    J. D. Reist & C. P. Gallagher

  3. Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada

    M. Power

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  1. L. Tran
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Tran, L., Reist, J.D., Gallagher, C.P. et al. Comparing total mercury concentrations of northern Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma malma, in two Canadian Arctic rivers 1986–1988 and 2011–2013. Polar Biol 42, 865–876 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-019-02476-6

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Keywords

  • Climate change
  • Mercury contamination
  • Salvelinus malma malma
  • Stable isotopes
  • Temporal change