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Osmotic adjustments support growth of poplar cultured cells under high concentrations of carbohydrates

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Abstract

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Poplar callus maintained a specific difference in osmotic potential with respect to media when supplemented with different carbohydrate concentrations. This balance in osmotic potential guaranteed the growth capacity.

Abstract

Osmotic stress is caused by several abiotic factors such as drought, salinity, or freezing. However, the threshold of osmotic potential that allows the growth under stress conditions has not been thoroughly studied. In this study, different levels of osmotic stress in Populus alba (L.) callus have been induced with the addition of mannitol or sorbitol in the medium (from 0 to 500 mM). The key factor for preserving the growth was observed to be the restoration of a constant difference in osmotic potential between callus and medium for all the tested conditions. The osmotic adjustments were primarily achieved with the uptake of mannitol or sorbitol from the media considering their chemical properties instead of their biological functions. The decrease in water content (from − 1 to − 10% after 21 days) and mineral elements, such as potassium, calcium, and magnesium, together with the alterations in cell morphology, did not show negative effects on growth. The activity of sorbitol dehydrogenase was detected for the first time in poplar (+ 4.7 U l−1 in callus treated with sorbitol compared to control callus). This finding suggested the importance of choosing carefully the molecules used to exert osmotic stress for separating the dual function of carbohydrates in osmotic adjustments and cell metabolism.

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Acknowledgements

Financial support was provided by Agrobioscience PhD program at Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna of Pisa to ST and by MIUR (Progetto Premiale 2012 “Aqua”) and Regione Toscana (POR CRO FSE 2012-2014, research project “Sysbiofor”) to AG.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. BioLabs, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127, Pisa, Italy

    Silvia Traversari, Antonio Minnocci, Alessandra Francini, Luca Sebastiani & Alessio Giovannelli

  2. Institute of Bioeconomy (IBE-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto F.no, 50019, Florence, Italy

    Anna De Carlo

  3. Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto F.no, 50019, Florence, Italy

    Maria Laura Traversi & Alessio Giovannelli

Authors
  1. Silvia Traversari
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  2. Anna De Carlo
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  3. Maria Laura Traversi
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  4. Antonio Minnocci
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  5. Alessandra Francini
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  6. Luca Sebastiani
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  7. Alessio Giovannelli
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Correspondence to Luca Sebastiani.

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Communicated by Günther Hahne.

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Traversari, S., De Carlo, A., Traversi, M.L. et al. Osmotic adjustments support growth of poplar cultured cells under high concentrations of carbohydrates. Plant Cell Rep 39, 971–982 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-020-02542-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-020-02542-y

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