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Mapping QTLs for opaque2 modifiers influencing the tryptophan content in quality protein maize using genomic and candidate gene-based SSRs of lysine and tryptophan metabolic pathway

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The mapping analysis resulted in identification of five significant QTLs for opaque2 modifiers influencing the tryptophan content in quality protein maize using functional and genomic SSR markers.

Abstract

Quality protein maize (QPM) was developed by selecting genetic modifiers that convert opaque2 mutant containing high lysine and tryptophan. There are several unlinked opaque2 modifier loci (Opm) in QPM whose location, nature and mode of action are not clear. To identify these Opm QTLs, we developed a population of 218 F2:3 individuals from a cross between VQL2 and VQL8, two isogenic QPM inbreds significantly differing in tryptophan content. Based on the data of the F2:3 population, five significant QTLs on chromosomes 5, 7 and 9 with LOD values more than 2.5 were identified and together explained 38.6 % of the total phenotypic variance (R 2). The Wx1 gene which has influence on the amino acid composition of the maize endosperm was mapped on chromosome 9 near the marker phi022 and also validated by bulk analysis. The QTL near the SSR marker ZmASK3, developed from the aspartate kinase 2 gene of the lysine pathway, mapped on chromosome 5 and had LOD of 2.7 with R 2 of 5.1 %. On chromosome 9, the QTL between the loci umc1430 and bnlg1401 had an LOD of 4.5 with R 2 of 9.1 %, whereas the QTL between the loci bnlg1401 and phi022 had an LOD of 4.2 with R 2 of 8.4 %. The third QTL was observed to be close to the marker umc2207 with an LOD of 4.8 and R 2 of 8.4 %. The identified QTLs will be very useful in the marker-assisted back-cross breeding and transgressive breeding for the development of QPM maize.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Vivekananda Parvateeya Krishi Anusanthan Sansthan (Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi), Almora, Uttarakhand, India. The authors are thankful to Dr. G. S. Bisht, Mr. Sanjay, Mrs. Nidhi and Mrs. Swathi for their technical help during the investigation.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vivekananda Parvateeya Krishi Anusanthan Sansthan (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Almora, 263601, Uttarakhand, India

    B. Kalyana Babu, P. K. Agrawal, S. Saha & H. S. Gupta

  2. Indian Agricultural Research Institute (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), New Delhi, 110 012, India

    S. Saha & H. S. Gupta

Authors
  1. B. Kalyana Babu
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  2. P. K. Agrawal
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  3. S. Saha
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  4. H. S. Gupta
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Correspondence to B. Kalyana Babu.

Additional information

Communicated by Manoj Prasad.

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Babu, B.K., Agrawal, P.K., Saha, S. et al. Mapping QTLs for opaque2 modifiers influencing the tryptophan content in quality protein maize using genomic and candidate gene-based SSRs of lysine and tryptophan metabolic pathway. Plant Cell Rep 34, 37–45 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-014-1685-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-014-1685-5

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