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Differential gene induction in resistant and susceptible potato cultivars at early stages of infection by Phytophthora infestans

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Abstract

Sarpo Mira, a potato variety with high resistance against the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans, is being used in breeding programs to increase late blight resistance in commercial varieties. Discovering genes that are important for P. infestans resistance will assist in the development of molecular markers for the selection of new resistant cultivars and the use of resistant varieties will reduce the environmental, health and financial costs associated with the use of pesticides. Using complementary DNA amplified fragment length polymorphism analyses, differentially expressed genes involved in the potato-P. infestans interaction were identified in the susceptible Bintje and in the resistant Sarpo Mira potato cultivars. Forty-eight differentially expressed transcript derived fragments (TDFs) were cloned and sequenced. The expression profiles of some of these genes were analyzed in detail using quantitative RT-PCR at seven time points: 1, 4, 17, 24, 30, 41 and 65 hours after inoculation (hai). We found that five transcripts with homologies to pathogenesis/defense-related genes and two TDFs with homology to transcription factors were significantly induced to higher levels in the resistant cultivar at very early stages of the infection (1 hai). Interestingly, most of these genes showed different expression profiles throughout the whole infection process between both cultivars. Particularly during its biotrophic growth phase, P. infestans triggered the down-regulation of infection responsive genes in the susceptible but not in the resistance cultivar. Our results suggest that these newly identified early-induced transcripts may be good candidates for conferring Sarpo Mira’s resistance to late blight and they could be useful molecular markers for the selection of new resistant cultivars.

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Abbreviations

CT:

Cycle threshold

hai:

Hours after inoculation

HSTF:

Heat shock transcription factor

HR:

Hypersensitive response

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

qPCR:

Quantitative PCR

PR:

Pathogenesis related

R:

Resistance

RT-qPCR:

Quantitative RT-PCR

SAR:

Systemic acquired resistance

TDF:

Transcript-derived fragment

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by Danish Agency for Science Technology and Innovation grant (No. 09-062975). The authors thank Kirsten Sørensen for technician assistance, Bent Nielsen and Finn Pedersen for assistance in the multiplication of potato cultivars and Dariusz Orlowski for preparation of the figures. Additional support was received from Coimbra Group and Wood-Whelan research fellowships (IUBMB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biology, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark

    Elżbieta Orłowska, Alice Fiil & Cristina Cvitanich

  2. Danish Potato Breeding Station (LKF-Vandel), 7184, Vandel, Denmark

    Hanne-Grethe Kirk

  3. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI-CONICET), C1428DN, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Briardo Llorente

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  1. Elżbieta Orłowska
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Correspondence to Elżbieta Orłowska.

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Communicated by D. Zaitlin.

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Orłowska, E., Fiil, A., Kirk, HG. et al. Differential gene induction in resistant and susceptible potato cultivars at early stages of infection by Phytophthora infestans . Plant Cell Rep 31, 187–203 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-011-1155-2

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