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In vitro growth and single-leaf photosynthetic response of Cymbidium plantlets to super-elevated CO2 under cold cathode fluorescent lamps

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Abstract

To examine the effectiveness of super-elevated (10,000 µmol mol−1) CO2 enrichment under cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL) for the clonal propagation of Cymbidium, plantlets were cultured on modified Vacin and Went (VW) medium under 0, 3,000 and 10,000 µmol mol−1 CO2 enrichment and two levels of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD, 45 and 75 µmol m−2 s−1). Under high PPFD, 10,000 µmol mol−1 CO2 increased root dry weight and promoted shoot growth. In addition, a decrease in photosynthetic capacity and chlorosis at leaf tips were observed. Rubisco activity and stomatal conductance of these plantlets were lower than those of plantlets at 3,000 µmol mol−1 CO2 under high PPFD, which had a higher photosynthetic capacity. On the other hand, plantlets on Kyoto medium grown in 10,000 µmol mol−1 CO2 under high PPFD had a higher photosynthetic rate than those on modified VW medium; no chlorosis was observed. Furthermore, growth of plantlets, in particular the roots, was remarkably enhanced. This result indicates that a negative response to super-elevated CO2 under high PPFD could be improved by altering medium components. Super-elevated CO2 enrichment of in vitro-cultured Cymbidium could positively affect the efficiency and quality of commercial production of clonal orchid plantlets.

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Abbreviations

CCFL:

Cold cathode fluorescent lamps

VW:

Vacin and Went

PPFD:

Photosynthetic photon flux density

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Prof. T. Araki and Mr. Y Suidu, Department of Plant Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyusyu University for their generous assistance and advice on the analysis of total Rubisco activity. The authors also thank Dr. J. A. Teixeira da Silva, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University for critical reading and editing of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8566, Japan

    Atsushi Norikane

  2. Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan

    Takejiro Takamura, Masahiro Morokuma & Michio Tanaka

Authors
  1. Atsushi Norikane
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  2. Takejiro Takamura
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  3. Masahiro Morokuma
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  4. Michio Tanaka
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Correspondence to Michio Tanaka.

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Communicated by P. Kumar.

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Norikane, A., Takamura, T., Morokuma, M. et al. In vitro growth and single-leaf photosynthetic response of Cymbidium plantlets to super-elevated CO2 under cold cathode fluorescent lamps. Plant Cell Rep 29, 273–283 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-010-0820-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-010-0820-1

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