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In vitro breeding of Brassica juncea L. to enhance metal accumulation and extraction properties

  • Cell Biology and Morphogenesis
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Abstract

In vitro breeding and somaclonal variation were used as tools to improve the potential of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) to extract and accumulate toxic metals. Calli from B. juncea were cultivated on a modified MS medium supplemented with 10–200 μM Cd or Pb. Afterwards, new B. juncea somaclones were regenerated from metal-tolerant callus cells. Three different phenotypes with improved tolerance of Cd, Zn and Pb were observed under hydroponic conditions: enhanced metal accumulation in both shoots and roots; limited metal translocation from roots to shoots; reduced accumulation in shoots and roots. Seven out of thirty individual variants showed a significantly higher metal extraction than the control plants. The improvement of metal shoot accumulation of the best regenerant (3× Cd, 1.6× Zn, 1.8× Pb) and metal extraction (6.2× Cd, 3.2× Zn, 3.8× Pb) indicated a successful breeding and selection of B. juncea, which could be used for phytoremediation purpose.

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Abbreviations

BAP:

6-Benzylaminopurine

EDTA:

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

GA3 :

Gibberellic acid

MS:

Murashige and Skoog medium

NAA:

1-Naphthaleneacetic acid

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Garry Banuelos from USDA Fresno, CA, USA, who kindly provided the seeds of Brassica juncea L. This work was part of the EU-Framework Programme Quality of Life and Managing of Living Organisms (QLRT-2001-00429): PHYTAC-Development of systems to improve phytoremediation of metal contaminated soils through improved phytoaccumulation and was financed by the Swiss Federal Office for Education and Science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Phytotech-Foundation (PT-F), Quartiergasse 12, 3013, Berne, Switzerland

    Erika Nehnevajova, Rolf Herzig & Karl-Hans Erismann

  2. Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology (LBE), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Jean-Paul Schwitzguébel

Authors
  1. Erika Nehnevajova
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  2. Rolf Herzig
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  3. Karl-Hans Erismann
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  4. Jean-Paul Schwitzguébel
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rolf Herzig.

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Communicated by M. C. Jordan

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Nehnevajova, E., Herzig, R., Erismann, KH. et al. In vitro breeding of Brassica juncea L. to enhance metal accumulation and extraction properties. Plant Cell Rep 26, 429–437 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-006-0264-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-006-0264-9

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