Abstract
We present data on the morphological, cytological, biochemical and genetic characteristics of tomato regenerants obtained through anther culture. As a result of induced androgenesis, more than 6,000 rooted regenerants were developed that differed both from the donor plants and among each other with respect to habitus and leaf, flower and inflorescence morphology. Cytological analysis revealed a great variability in chromosome number in the cells of the regenerated plants. While most of the regenerants were mixoploid, the majority of the cells had a haploid chromosome number. R1 and R2 progenies were tested for their resistance to Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganense (Cmm 7). Some of the regenerants were resistant to the pathogen. A biochemical analysis of fruit from R3 and R4 plants showed a higher content of dry matter, sugars and vitamin C in the regenerant plants obtained from the hybrids than in those from the cultivars and control plants. The values of the parameters of hybrid regenerants grown in the greenhouse were about 1.5-fold higher than those of the hybrid regenerants grown in the field, and this trend is clearly expressed in all of the hybrid regenerants. The results obtained suggest that induced androgenesis and gametoclonal variation may be used as an additional tool to create a large range of new forms. The application of the latter in breeding programs would accelerate the development of tomato lines and varieties that would be more productive, disease-resistant, highly nutritive and flavour-acceptable.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- BAP :
-
N6-Benzylaminopurine
- Cmm :
-
Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganense
- cfu :
-
Colony-forming units
- GA 3 :
-
Gibberellic acid
- IBA :
-
Indole-3-butyric acid
- ms :
-
Male sterility
- PDA :
-
Potato dextrose agar
References
Ancora G, Sree Ramula K, Devreux M (1977) In vitro culture of anthers and stems internodes of L. esculentum: nuclear DNA determination in calli and cytological analysis of regenerated plants. Z Pflanzenphysiol 82:377–388
Bajaj YPS (1990) In vitro production of haploids and their use in cell genetics and plant breeding. In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 12. Haploids in crop improvement. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 83–98
Brasileiro ACR, Willadino L, Carvalheira GG, Guerra M (1999) Callus induction and plant regeneration of tomato (L. esculentum cv. IPA 5) via anther culture. Ciên Rural 29:619–623
Click D (1971) Methods of biochemical analysis. Academic Press, London
Chu Q, Zhang Z, Gao J (1985) Cytogenetical analysis on aneuploids obtained from pollen clones of rice (Oryza sativa L.) Theor Appl Genet 71:506–512
Collins GB, Legg PD, Kasperbauer MJ (1972) Chromosome number in anther-derived haploids of two Nicotiana species. J Hered 63:113–118
Custer JBM, Ennik E, Eikelboom W, van Lookeren MM (1998) Potentials of microspore embryogenesis for future tulip (Tulipa gesneriana L.) breeding. In: Proc 9th Int Congr Plant Tissue Cell Cult. Jerusalem. Congress Organizers (eds), Kenes, Organizers of Congresses and Tour Operators Ltd, p 136
Davis JK, Hobson GE (1981) The constituents of tomato fruit—the influence of environment, nutrition and genotype. CRC Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr (Nov), pp 205–280
De Jong R, Homma S (1976) Evaluation of screening technique and determination of criteria for assessing resistance to Corynebacterium michigan in tomato. Euphytica 25:405–414
Dolgykh YI, Larina SN, Shamina ZB (1996) Cross-tolerance to drought, salt and low temperature of maize plant regenerated from PEG resistant cell lines. Maize Genet Coop Newsl 70:41–42
Engvild KC (1974) Plantlet ploidy and flower-bud size in tobacco anther cultures. Hereditas 76:320–332
Evans DA (1989) Somaclonal variation—genetic basis and breeding applications. Trends Genet 5:46–50
Foroughi-Wehr B, Friedt W (1984) Rapid production of recombinant barley yellow mosaic virus-resistant Hordeum vulgare lines by anther culture. Theor Appl Genet 67:377–382
Friedt W, Foroughi-Wehr B, Snape JW (1986) The significance of biotechnology for the evolution of barley breeding methods. In: Proc 5th Int Barley Genet Symp. Garching. H. Caul (ed.) Barley Genet, Okayama, Japan, pp 367–373
Heszky LE, Kiss J, Gergacz J, Kiss E, Törjk O (1998) In vitro androgenesis in poplar and analysis of plant regenerated in anther culture. In: Proc 9th Int Congr Plant Tissue Cell Cult. Congress Organizers (eds), Kenes, Organizers of Congresses and Tour Operators Ltd. Jerusalem, p 152
Hu H (1986) Variability and gamete expression in pollen-derived plants in wheat. In: Hu H, Yang H (eds). Haploids of higher plants in vitro. China Acad Publ/Springer, Beijing/Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 67–78
Jones RA, Scott J (1983) Improvement of tomato flavour by genetically increasing sugar and acid content. Euphytica 32:845–855
Karp A (1991) On the current understanding of somaclonal variation. Oxford Surv Plant Mol Cell Biol 7:1-58
Kasperbauer MJ, Collins GB (1974) Anther derived haploids in tobacco. Evaluation of procedures. Crop Sci 142:305–307
Koornneef M, van Diepen JAM, Hanhart CJ, Kieboom-de Waart AC, Martinelli L, Schoenmakers HCH, Wijbrandi J (1989) Chromosomal instability of cell and tissue cultures of tomato haploids and diploids. Euphytica 73:179–186
Lakin GF (1990) Biometrics. Visshaia shkola, Moscow
Laterrot H (1974) Value of the resistance of the tomato Bulgarian 8/12 to Corynebacterium michigan. (Smith) Jensen. In: Strider DL (ed.) EUCARPIA Tomato Working Group, Bari, Italy. Tech NC Agricol Exp Stat, pp 144–149
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15:473–497
Novak FJ, Vyskot B (1975) Karyology of callus cultures derived from Nicotiana tabacum haploids and ploidy of regenerants. Z Pflanzenzuecht 75:62–70
Pongraz G (1971) Neue Potentiometrishe Bestimmingsmethode für Ascorbinsaure und deren Verbindungen. Z Anal Chem 253:271–274
Sacristan MD (1971) Karyotypic changes in callus cultures from haploid and diploid plants of Crepis capillaris. Chromosoma 33:273–283
Scott J (1997) Antioxidants in science, technology, medicine and nutrition. Albion Publ, Chichester
Shtereva L, Zagorska N, Dimitrov B, Kruleva M, Oanh N (1998) Induced androgenesis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). II. Factors affecting induction of androgenesis. Plant Cell Rep 18:312–317
Sotirova V, Bogatsevska N, Stamova L (1993) Influence of different non-specific plants on phenotype and pathogenicity of Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganense. In: Stamova L (ed.) Proc. 12th EUCARPIA Meet Tomato Genet Breed, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Maritza Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv, pp 39–43
Sunderland N (1974) Anther culture as means of haploid induction. In: Kasha K (ed) Haploids in higher plants-advances and potential. University of Guelph Press, Guelph, pp 91–122
Toyoda H, Shimizu K, Chatani K, Kita N, Matsuda Y, Ouchi S (1989) Selection of bacterial wilt resistant tomato through tissue culture. Plant Cell Rep 8:317–320
Van den Bulk RW (1991) Application of cell and tissue culture and in vitro selection for disease resistance breeding. Euphytica 56:259–286
Zagorska NA, Shamina ZB, Butenko RG (1974) The relationship of morphogenetic potency of tobacco tissue culture and its cytogenetic features. Biol Plant16:262–274
Zagorska N, Jancheva A, Palakarcheva M, Nikova V, Kurteva G (1993) Application of tissue culture for obtaining disease resistant and male sterile forms of tobacco. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip 7:61–65
Zagorska N, Shtereva L, Dimitrov B, Kruleva M (1998) Induced androgenesis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) I. Influence of genotype on androgenetic ability. Plant Cell Rep 17:968–973
Zamir D, Jones RA, Kedar N (1980) Anther culture of male sterile tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) mutants. Plant Sci Lett 17:353–361
Ziauddin A, Kasha KJ (1990) Genetic stability in haploid cell cultures. In: Bajaj Y (ed) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 12. Haploids in crop improvement. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 83–98
Ziv M, Hedary D, Kedar N (1984) Lycopersicon esculentum: trifoliate plants recovered from anther cultures of heterozygous tftf plants. Plant Cell Rep 3:10–13
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by H. Lörz
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zagorska, N.A., Shtereva, L.A., Kruleva, M.M. et al. Induced androgenesis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). III. Characterization of the regenerants. Plant Cell Rep 22, 449–456 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-003-0720-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-003-0720-8