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Metagenomic views on taxonomic and functional profiles of the Himalayan Tsomgo cold lake and unveiling its deterzome potential

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Abstract

Cold habitat is considered a potential source for detergent industry enzymes. This study aims at the metagenomic investigation of Tsomgo lake for taxonomic and functional annotation, unveiling the deterzome potential of the residing microbiota at this site. The present investigation revealed molecular profiling of microbial community structure and functional potential of the high-altitude Tsomgo lake samples of two different temperatures, harvested during March and August. Bacteria were found to be the most dominant phyla, with traces of genomic pieces of evidence belonging to archaea, viruses, and eukaryotes. Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were noted to be the most abundant bacterial phyla in the cold lake. In-depth metagenomic investigation of the cold aquatic habitat revealed novel genes encoding detergent enzymes, amylase, protease, and lipase. Further, metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) belonging to the psychrophilic bacterium, Arthrobacter alpinus, were constructed from the metagenomic data. The annotation depicted the presence of detergent enzymes and genes for low-temperature adaptation in Arthrobacter alpinus. Psychrophilic microbial isolates were screened for lipase, protease, and amylase activities to further strengthen the metagenomic findings. A novel strain of Acinetobacter sp. was identified with the dual enzymatic activity of protease and amylase. The bacterial isolates exhibited hydrolyzing activity at low temperatures. This metagenomic study divulged novel genomic resources for detergent industry enzymes, and the bacterial isolates secreting cold-active amylase, lipase, and protease enzymes. The findings manifest that Tsomgo lake is a potential bioresource of cold-active enzymes, vital for various industrial applications.

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Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Govt. of India, for financial support to this work. The Sikkim Biodiversity Board is acknowledged for granting permission to perform research. DBT-CIAB and DBT-IBSD are acknowledged for facilitating the collaborative research work. DBT-NABI is acknowledged for sharing the High-Performance Computing facility. SPS and AKR acknowledge the DBT research project PR31829. AKS acknowledges the DBT project fellowship and the Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, for Ph.D. registration.

Funding

This study was funded by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology, Govt. of India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (DBT-CIAB), Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, India

    Ashutosh Kumar Singh, Nitish Sharma & Sudhir P. Singh

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

    Ashutosh Kumar Singh

  3. Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (DBT-IBSD), Regional Centre, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, India

    Megha Kumari & Amit Kumar Rai

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Contributions

SPS and AKR conceived, designed and supervised the study. AKS performed all the metagenomic data analysis, prepared the metagenomic results and wrote the manuscript. MK performed screening of bacterial isolates for proteases, amylases, and lipases. NS helped in data analysis. All authors read, reviewed and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Amit Kumar Rai or Sudhir P. Singh.

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Singh, A.K., Kumari, M., Sharma, N. et al. Metagenomic views on taxonomic and functional profiles of the Himalayan Tsomgo cold lake and unveiling its deterzome potential. Curr Genet 68, 565–579 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-022-01247-x

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