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Post-translocational adaptation drives evolution through genetic selection and transcriptional shift in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Abstract

Adaptation by natural selection might improve the fitness of an organism and its probability to survive in unfavorable environmental conditions. Decoding the genetic basis of adaptive evolution is one of the great challenges to deal with. To this purpose, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been largely investigated because of its short division time, excellent aneuploidy tolerance and the availability of the complete sequence of its genome with a thorough genome database. In the past, we developed a system, named bridge-induced translocation, to trigger specific, non-reciprocal translocations, exploiting the endogenous recombination system of budding yeast. This technique allows users to generate a heterogeneous population of cells with different aneuploidies and increased phenotypic variation. In this work, we demonstrate that ad hoc chromosomal translocations might induce adaptation, fostering selection of thermo-tolerant yeast strains with improved phenotypic fitness. This “yeast eugenomics” correlates with a shift to enhanced expression of genes involved in stress response, heat shock as well as carbohydrate metabolism. We propose that the bridge-induced translocation is a suitable approach to generate adapted, physiologically boosted strains for biotechnological applications.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Jean-Luc Parou for having provided the plasmid pJL49 and Beatrice Rossi for having shared useful material and unpublished observations on SUSU translocants.

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Author notes

  1. Valentina Tosato

    Present address: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, 6310, Izola, Slovenia

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Yeast Molecular Genetics, ICGEB, AREA Science Park, Padriciano, 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy

    Valentina Tosato, Nicole West, Martina Colombin & Carlo V. Bruschi

  2. Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Perutz Laboratories, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria

    Jason Sims

  3. Clinical Pathology, Maggiore Hospital, Piazza dell’ Ospitale 2, 34125, Trieste, Italy

    Nicole West

  4. Genetics Division, Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria

    Carlo V. Bruschi

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  1. Valentina Tosato
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Correspondence to Valentina Tosato.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

NW and VT were supported by Prosol SpA (I) and Crescendo Biologics Ltd (UK), respectively.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the Authors.

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Communicated by M. Kupiec.

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Tosato, V., Sims, J., West, N. et al. Post-translocational adaptation drives evolution through genetic selection and transcriptional shift in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Curr Genet 63, 281–292 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-016-0635-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-016-0635-x

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