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Lymphome bei Kindern und Adoleszenten

Lymphomas in children and adolescents

  • Schwerpunkt: Kindliche Tumoren
  • Published:
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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Lymphome bei Kindern und Adoleszenten unterscheiden sich von denen des Erwachsenenalters in relativer Häufigkeit und Vielfältigkeit. Zudem werden Patient*innen jungen Alters nach spezifischen Standards pädiatrischer Lymphomstudiengruppen versorgt.

Ziel der Arbeit

Darstellung diagnostisch und klinisch relevanter Lymphome bei Kindern und Adoleszenten.

Material und Methoden

Eine selektive Literaturrecherche (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) wurde mit den praktischen Erfahrungen der Autor*innen aus der klinisch-pathologischen Diagnostik kombiniert.

Ergebnisse

Kinder und Jugendliche leiden sehr viel häufiger an aggressiven Lymphomen und Precursor-Zell-Lymphomen als Erwachsene. Anders als bei erwachsenen Patient*innen werden Burkitt-Lymphome und diffuse großzellige B‑Zell-Lymphome nicht grundsätzlich unterschiedlich behandelt. Kürzlich beschriebene Entitäten, die besonders häufig bei jungen Patient*innen auftreten, sind das high-grade B‑Zell-Lymphom mit 11q-Aberrationen und das großzellige B‑Zell-Lymphom mit Translokationen von IRF4.

Schlussfolgerung

Lymphomdiagnostik bei Kindern und Adoleszenten ist vom besonderen Spektrum der Erkrankungen geprägt, das in diesem Alter auftritt. Spezielles Wissen über die klinische Relevanz der Diagnosen im Kindesalter ist hilfreich, um mit wenigen Untersuchungen schnell eine therapeutische Weichenstellung zu ermöglichen.

Abstract

Background

Lymphomas in children and adolescents differ from adulthood in relative frequency and variety of entities. In addition, young patients are cared for according to the specific standards of pediatric lymphoma study groups.

Objective

To present lymphomas of diagnostic and clinical relevance in the pediatric and adolescent group.

Material and methods

Selective literature research (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) was combined with clinico-pathological experience of the authors.

Results

Children and adolescents are much more likely to suffer from aggressive and precursor cell lymphoma than is the case in adulthood. Unlike adult patients, Burkitt lymphomas and diffuse large B‑cell lymphomas are not treated fundamentally differently. Entities that have been described relatively recently and are particularly common in young patients are high-grade B‑cell lymphoma with 11q aberrations and large-cell B‑cell lymphoma with IRF4 translocations.

Conclusion

Lymphoma diagnosis in children and adolescents is characterized by the particular spectrum of diseases that occur at this age. Special knowledge about the clinical relevance of the diagnoses in childhood is helpful in order to enable rapid clinical decision making.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Pathologie, Sektion Hämatopathologie und Lymphknotenregister, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus U33, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland

    Wolfram Klapper

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Correspondence to Wolfram Klapper.

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Interessenkonflikt

W. Klapper gibt an: Mein Universitätsklinikum erhält Forschungsförderung und Beratungshonorare von Roche, Amgen, Takeda, Janssen. Keine Mittel gehen privat zu meinen Händen und keine Mittel bzw. Tätigkeiten dafür haben inhaltlichen Bezug zu dem hier verfassten Manuskript.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden vom Autor keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Klapper, W. Lymphome bei Kindern und Adoleszenten. Pathologie 44, 338–347 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-023-01216-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-023-01216-2

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