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Tumorassoziierte Makrophagen

Funktion und Differenzierung

Tumor-associated macrophages

Function and differentiation

  • Schwerpunkt: Histiozytäre Erkrankungen
  • Published:
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Zusammenfassung

Makrophagen sind pathogenetisch und prognostisch wichtige Faktoren bei der Progression maligner Tumoren und stellen ein mögliches Ziel für eine therapeutische Intervention dar. Abhängig von Tumorentität und prävalenter Polarisierung können Makrophagen mit günstigem oder ungünstigem klinischem Verlauf assoziiert sein. Die gängige Einteilung in M1-polarisierte, tumorhemmende und M2-polarisierte, tumorfördernde Makrophagen wird der Heterogenität und Plastizität von Makrophagen aber nicht gerecht. Makrophagen können die Tumorprogression durch direkte Interaktionen mit den Tumorzellen, durch Förderung von Bindegewebsumbau und Angiogenese oder durch Hemmung der lokalen Immunreaktion unterstützen. Um eine bessere Vergleichbarkeit klinischer Studien zu erreichen, ist ein Konsens über die Terminologie der Makrophagenpolarisierung erforderlich. Ferner müssen Methoden für die quantitative Charakterisierung von Makrophagenpopulationen bei Tumoren standardisiert werden. Immunhistochemische Färbungen unter Verwendung einzelner Marker sind hierfür nicht ausreichend. In jedem Fall sollten die verwendeten Marker oder Markerkombinationen eindeutig angegeben werden.

Abstract

Macrophages are important factors in the pathogenesis and prognosis of malignant tumors and represent a possible target for therapeutic intervention. Depending on the tumor entity and the prevalent polarization status, macrophages can be associated with a favorable or unfavorable clinical outcome. It is becoming clear, however, that the conventional definitions of M1 polarized tumor inhibitory and M2 polarized tumor promoting macrophages do not adequately reflect the heterogeneity and plasticity of macrophages. Macrophages can support tumor growth through direct interactions with the neoplastic cells, by promoting tissue remodeling and angiogenesis and by inhibiting local immune reactions. To achieve comparability of clinical studies, it will be necessary to reach a consensus nomenclature of macrophage polarization. Furthermore, methods for the quantitative characterization of macrophage populations in malignant tumors will have to be standardized. It is unlikely that single marker immunohistochemistry will be adequate in this context. In any case it is necessary to provide unequivocal information regarding the markers or marker combinations used.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Pathologie, Sana Klinikum Lichtenberg, Fanningerstr. 32, 10365, Berlin, Deutschland

    G. Niedobitek & F. Hauck

  2. Institut für Pathologie, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Warener Str. 7, 12683, Berlin, Deutschland

    G. Niedobitek, M.H. Barros, J.H. Dreyer & D. Al-Sheikhyaqoob

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  1. G. Niedobitek
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  2. M.H. Barros
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  4. F. Hauck
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  5. D. Al-Sheikhyaqoob
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Correspondence to G. Niedobitek.

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G. Niedobitek, M.H. Barros, J.H. Dreyer, F. Hauck, D. Al-Sheikhyaqoob geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

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F. Fend, Tübingen

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Niedobitek, G., Barros, M., Dreyer, J. et al. Tumorassoziierte Makrophagen. Pathologe 36, 477–484 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-015-0054-7

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