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Moderne Diagnoseverfahren in der Dermatoonkologie

Modern diagnostic procedures in dermatological oncology

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Neue Technologien wie konfokale Laserscanmikroskopie (KLSM), optische Kohärenztomographie (OCT), elektrische Impedanzspektroskopie (EIS) und Multispektralanalyse gewinnen einen immer größeren Stellenwert im Bereich der dermatoonkologischen Diagnostik. Die Auflichtmikroskopie sowie die Histopathologie können dadurch ergänzt werden, um eine noch exaktere Diagnose von Hautläsionen stellen zu können.

Fragestellung

Steigende Relevanz der neuen Systeme bei Diagnose und Verlaufskontrolle von Therapie in der Dermatoonkologie. Darstellung der Technik und des Einsatzbereichs bei verschiedenen zu diagnostizierenden Hautläsionen.

Material und Methoden

Darstellung wissenschaftlich themenbezogener relevanter Studien, Darstellung erhobener statistischer Daten, Diskussion von Grundlagenarbeiten und Expertenempfehlungen.

Ergebnisse

Das diagnostische Spektrum der dermatologischen Onkologie hat sich in den letzten Jahren maßgeblich erweitert. Neue Technologien wie KLSM, OCT, EIS und die Multispektralanalyse sind nichtinvasiv und somit schmerzfrei für den Patienten. Sie liefern in nur wenigen Minuten präzise Daten und Befunde und erlauben dem Dermatologen eine genauere diagnostische Aussage über benigne oder maligne melanozytäre Hautläsionen oder die verschiedenen Formen des weißen Hautkrebses.

Schlussfolgerung

In den letzten Jahren haben sich die nichtinvasiven bilddiagnostischen und -analytischen Verfahren in der Dermatoonkologie immer mehr etabliert und die klassische Dermatoskopie sowie die Histopathologie weitgehend ergänzt. Auch hinsichtlich der Verlaufskontrolle können unnötige Gewebeentnahmen und Narben dem Patienten erspart werden.

Abstract

Background

New technologies, such as confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and multispectral analysis have greatly enriched the possibilities of diagnostics in dermatological oncology. They can be supplementary tools to dermatoscopy and histopathology to make a more precise diagnosis of skin lesions.

Objectives

Increasing relevance of new systems for diagnosis and monitoring of dermatological therapy. Presentation of the technology and the diagnostic range of application for various skin lesions.

Material and methods

Presentation of scientifically relevant studies and statistical data, discussion of basic research and expert recommendations.

Results

The diagnostic spectrum of dermatological oncology has been significantly enriched in recent years. New technologies, such as CLSM, OCT, EIS and multispectral analysis are non-invasive and therefore painless for the patient. In only a few minutes these techniques deliver valid data and findings and provide dermatologists with more accurate diagnostic information about benign or malignant melanocytic skin lesions or the various forms of white skin cancer.

Conclusion

In recent years, non-invasive diagnostic and analytical imaging procedures have been progressively established in dermatological oncology and supplement classical dermatoscopy and histopathology. With respect to the follow-up of different therapeutic modalities unnecessary tissue biopsies and scars can be reduced for patients.

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Danksagung

Die Autorin dankt Herrn Prof. Dr. Uwe Reinhold für die Hilfe beim Erstellen des Manuskripts.

Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. C. Kellner und U. Reinhold geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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  1. Dermatologisches Zentrum Bonn, Friedensplatz, Friedensplatz 16, 53111, Bonn, Deutschland

    C. Kellner & U. Reinhold

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Correspondence to C. Kellner.

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Kellner, C., Reinhold, U. Moderne Diagnoseverfahren in der Dermatoonkologie. Pathologe 36, 11–15 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-014-2062-4

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