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Morphogenetische Aspekte des Dickdarmkarzinoms

  • Schwerpunkt: Unterer Gastrointestinaltrakt
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Zusammenfassung

Patterning ist ein räumlicher und zeitlicher Prozess, durch den ein geordnetes Arrangement von Geweben und zellulären Strukturen erreicht wird. Der Begriff wird meist in der Morphogenese der Entwicklungsbiologie benutzt, kann aber auch für die Neomorphogenese in der Tumorbiologie nützlich sein. Trotz sich häufender Daten über die Proliferation und Differenzierung von Tumorzellen sind die Prozesse des Tumorpatterning wenig verstanden und selten untersucht. Ein fundamentaler embryonaler Patterningprozess ist die Gastrulation, und ein grundlegendes Beispiel des neoplastischen Patterning ist die Adenom-Karzinom-Sequenz des Kolons. Beide Prozesse zeigen eine distinkte nukleäre Translokation und Expression von β-Catenin, das dabei als transkriptioneller Aktivator fungiert. Unsere vor kurzem durchgeführten Untersuchungen zeigen eine verblüffende Ähnlichkeit des Patterning und der nukleären β-Cateninexpression zwischen der Kolon-Adenom-Karzinom-Sequenz und Schritten der Gastrulation. In beiden Prozessen sind Muster, wie zelluläre Dissozation, tubuläre Rekonstruktion und Verzweigung von neoplastischen Zellen, assoziiert mit einer distinkten nukleären Expression von β-Catenin. Diese Untersuchungen etablieren das Patterning als ein relevantes Konzept für die Tumorbiologie und verknüpfen die Morphogenese in Neoplasien mit der Embryogenese.

Abstract

Patterning is a spatial and temporal process by which ordered arrangements of cells and tissue structure are attained. The term is mostly applied to the morphogenesis in developmental pathology, but it can also be useful for the neomorphogenesis in tumor biology. Despite increasing data on the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells, processes of tumor patterning are rarely studied and poorly understood. A fundamental embryonic process of patterning is the embryonic gastrulation and a basic patterning is found in the colonic adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Both processes exhibit distinct nuclear translocation and expression of β-catenin, which is considered to be a decisive transcriptional regulator. Our recent studies demonstrated striking analogies of patterning and nuclear β-catenin expression between the colonic adenoma-carcinoma sequence and the steps of gastrulation. The shared patterns are dissociation, reassembly, tubular reconstruction and branching of neoplastic cells in association with nuclear β-catenin expression. These findings establish patterning as a relevant concept for tumor formation and link the neoplastic morphogenesis with embryogenesis.

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Correspondence to T. Kirchner.

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In Anlehnung an Artikel im American Journal of Pathology, Vol. 157, 1113-21, 2000, und in Der Onkologe, Vol. 7, 364-369, 2001

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Brabletz, T., Kirchner, T. Morphogenetische Aspekte des Dickdarmkarzinoms. Pathologe 24, 44–48 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-002-0603-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-002-0603-8

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