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To explore extension of emulsion styrene butadiene rubber with modified vegetable oils

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Increasing industrialization and rapid change in market demand has led to aggressive competition impacting both business and environmental sustainability globally. In view of the new legislations, regulations and restrictions on the usage of hazardous materials, it becomes mandatory to use eco-friendly materials. In the present work, various petroleum-based and different modified vegetable oils are characterised for chemical and analytical properties. Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is extended with these oils at laboratory scale through emulsion polymerisation technique. Totally four number of petroleum-based oils like distillate aromatic extract (DAE), treated distillate aromatic extract (TDAE), residual aromatic extract (RAE) and naphthenic type oil and two number of modified vegetable oils, NO_2 and NO_6, are evaluated. All oils have shown compatibility with SBR latex which is confirmed by checking solvent extractables as well as oil leaching checking by visual inspection of oil extended rubber samples. These raw rubber samples are characterised for raw rubber properties as well as in ASTM-based rubber compound recipe to check their processing behaviour. Compounds prepared with both vegetable oil-based styrene butadiene rubber have shown comparable or slightly better processing properties as compared to compounds prepared with petroleum oil-based rubbers. Experimental compounds are also showing comparable carbon black dispersion and better polymer–filler interaction which may be due to the presence of various surface functional groups in vegetable oils. Microscopic pictures also confirm the comparable carbon black dispersion for all the samples.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to acknowledge Reliance Ind. Ltd. India management for giving permission for performing testing activities and for publishing this research work. The author would also acknowledge the Jayant Agro-Organics Ltd. India, Witmans Ind. Pvt. Ltd. India, and Satguru Oils Pvt. Ltd. India for kindly supplying various vegetable oils for testing purpose and Panama Petrochem Ltd. India and Jayant Agro-Organics Ltd. India for providing various testing support.

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  1. Pacific Academy of Higher Education and Research University Chemistry Department, Udaipur, 313003, Rajasthan, India

    Shambhu Lal Agrawal, Jayesh Bhatt & Suresh C. Ameta

  2. Elastomers Customer Support Centre (ECSC), Reliance Industries Limited, PO- Petrochemicals, Vadodara, 391346, Gujarat, India

    Abhijit Adhikary

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  1. Shambhu Lal Agrawal
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Agrawal, S.L., Adhikary, A., Bhatt, J. et al. To explore extension of emulsion styrene butadiene rubber with modified vegetable oils. Polym. Bull. 81, 2365–2384 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-023-04837-y

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