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Sustainable process based on reactive extrusion to modify cellulose from oat hull with sodium trimetaphosphate and tartaric acid

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Abstract

The development of green technologies to produce new biobased materials can minimize the dependence on fossil-based resources. The current study aimed to modify cellulose extracted from oat hull by employing a simple and ecofriendly process based on reactive extrusion using sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) and tartaric acid (TA) as esterifying and cross-linking agents. STMP and TA were used at different concentrations (0, 5, 12.5, and 20% for TA and 0.025, 0.05, 0.1% for STMP). Reactive extrusion with STMP and TA did not change the morphology and crystallinity pattern of cellulose. Crystallinity indices ranged from 33 to 37% in modified samples, which presented higher affinity by the nonpolar solvent in wettability test and higher oil absorption capacity (7.26–8.60 g/g) when compared to unmodified cellulose (1.78 g/g). Reactive extrusion can be an effective and scalable technology for the modification of cellulose, resulting in materials with new characteristics and some advantages, such as low cost, short reaction times, low effluent generation and the use of nontoxic materials in all processes.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Laboratory of Spectroscopy (ESPEC), Laboratory of Electronic Microscopy and Microanalysis (LMEM) and Laboratory of X-ray Analysis (LARX) of the State University of Londrina for the analyses. CAPES-Brazil for the doctorate grant of Gina Alejandra Gil Giraldo, Janaina Mantovan and Beatriz M. Marim (CAPES-DS) and CAPES (Cod. 001). FINEP (01.21.0126.00-REF. 0128/2021) for financial support.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

    Beatriz M. Marim, Janaina Mantovan, Jéssica F. Pereira & Suzana Mali

  2. Center of Agricultural Sciences, State University of Northern Paraná (UENP), Bandeirantes, Paraná, Brazil

    Flávia Debiagi

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Marim, B.M., Mantovan, J., Pereira, J.F. et al. Sustainable process based on reactive extrusion to modify cellulose from oat hull with sodium trimetaphosphate and tartaric acid. Polym. Bull. 81, 2345–2364 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-023-04825-2

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